ALLEN: MAMMALS FROM THE BLUE NILE VALLEY. B25 
the present time they are quite gone from the Blue Nile, but a very 
few yet remain on the uppermost reaches of the Dinder River, about 
a day’s march beyond Um Orug Island, as our native hunters told us. 
According to our Arab guide who had hunted this region, one was 
killed in 1911 on the ‘mere’ near El Abiad by a white hunter, who 
mistook it at night for a Buffalo. Beyond Um Orug, at a place called 
Hageirat, south towards the Abyssinian border a few are still to be 
found. The Rhinoceros is protected under the present game laws of 
the Sudan, but the few that survive are more or less in danger from 
poaching Abyssinians. Capt. Stanley S. Flower told us at Cairo 
that so far as he could learn there were probably not more than ten 
or a dozen rhinos left on the upper Dinder, and that these are probably 
not breeding for the natives report no tracks of young ones. 
Lydekker (Proc. Zool. soc. London, 1911, p. 958) recognizes the 
Black Rhino of Somaliland as distinct under the name somaliensis, 
but in the absence of specimens I carinot attempt to settle the identity 
of the Sudanese animals. 
ELEPHAS AFRICANUS OXYOTIS Matschie. 
Sudanese Elephant. 
Elephas africanus oxyotis Matschie, Sitzb. Ges. naturf. freunde Berlin, 1900, 
p. 196. 
In reviewing the African elephants, Lydekker (1907, p. 398) con- 
siders that the form inhabiting the Blue Nile Valley and western 
Abyssinia may stand as a valid race. It is characterized by Matschie 
as having a very long and pointed lobe at the base of theear. The 
upper border of the ear is much rounded but the value of this char- 
acter is still under discussion. The tusks are rather small in this race, 
_nardly above 60 lbs. 
Elephants were formerly common over the eastern Sudan, and have 
been much hunted for their ivory. Sir Samuel Baker’s accounts of 
their pursuit and capture by the Arab hunters, mounted on agile 
ponies and armed only with a keen-edged sword, are familiar to 
readers of African travel. At the present time Elephants are practi- 
cally gone from the travelled region along the northeastern bank of 
the Blue Nile. I. C. Johnson, in 1901, hunted Elephant near the little 
village of Omdurman above Karkoj, and although a small herd of five 
was discovered, the animals were traveling and struck off toward the 
