BIGELOW: COAST WATER EXPLORATION OF 1913. 205 
_ of water; with a maximum difference of about 2.1% 9 between surface 
and bottom salinity at the deepest Station (10088, surface 32.1%; 
bottom 34.2%); and this same type of curve likewise characterized 
the deep water off Mt. Desert (Station 10100, Fig. 46). The salinity 
curves at the Stations‘near shore, north and east of Cape Ann, (10101, 
10102, 10103, 10104, 10105 Fig. 45), are of rather different type, the 
vertical increase in salinity being most rapid near the surface. In the 
northeast corner of the Gulf (Fig. 46), on the Nova Scotian Banks, 
and again off Cape Cod and on George’s Bank, the salinity curves 
show unmistakable evidence of vertical tidal disturbance. Thus at 
Station 10098 the total vertical range of salinity, in thirty-five fathoms, 
was only about .2%o (Fig. 46); off Lurcher Shoal (Station 10096, 
Fig. 46) there was a rise of .6%o from the surface down to thirty fath- 
oms (32.75% -33.4%po); but below that depth the salinity was uniform 
down to the bottom in sixty fathoms. On German Bank the total 
range was only .1%p (382.79%o-32.92%o), and on George’s Bank (Sta- 
tion 10059) the water was practically uniform from surface to bottom. 
The upper layers in the northern end of the eastern basin (Station 
10097) must likewise be disturbed by vertical currents, because the 
salinity was uniform from the surface down to thirty fathoms, with a 
sudden increase below that depth (Fig. 46). But there was no evi- 
dence of vertical mixing on Jeffrey’s Bank. 
In general the upper fifty fathoms of water was freshest off Cape 
Cod (Stations 10086, 10087), in Massachuetts Bay (Station 10106), 
| SEE eEEEEE ae ae ere 
5 SSCS 
TS SaRis ieee BGs 
15 
wu 
NURS SALA Rae naa 
te | ES 
Ate aie ee a, 
‘og TEESE EIS 2 Si 
. JERR RE Sees 
. ASR SRR Re 
‘ght SS SCS Se a 
Fie. 47.— Salinity off Cape Cod in July (Station 10057) and in August (Sta- 
tions 10085, 10086); in the southern part of the basin of the Gulf (Station 
10058) and George’s Banks (Station 10059) in July. 
