JLNIKID IVA Sy SVAING 549 
carbonate of lime. These concretions are very abundant at 
certain horizons, in various localities. 
Clays which are of the lacustrine type have been found at 
several localities in the intra-morainic portion of the basin. They 
are similar in general appearance to those outside of the moraine. 
They are generally at low levels, and inplaces are associated with 
clays which may be post-glacial in origin. In some places this 
clay is covered by till. Where this is true, the relations suggest 
either (a) that the clay belongs to an early period of the lake’s 
history, if it be lacustrine at all, or (4) the till over it is berg till, 
or (c) till deposited by the ice during a temporary re-advance in 
the general period of its treat. 
The till of the intra-morainic part of the basin—Much of the till 
of the intra-morainic part of the lake basin is not of the normal 
type. This abnormal phase is stony, but not gritty. On the 
contrary, it is very clayey. It has a more or less greasy feeling, 
a waxy or glazed surface when cut, and a pronounced tendency 
to crack on*drying. Many of the pebbles are coated with a thin 
film of clay, which is not easily removed. The color is dark red, 
tinged with brown. This type of till occurs most commonly at 
low levels. It has nowhere been found up to the level of the 
shore-line. Normal till is not uncommon within the lake basin, 
and it sometimes occurs in close proximity to the type noted 
above. 
It is not possible to say to what extent this abnormal type of 
till was formed beneath the ice, and afterwards submerged, and 
to what extent it was formed beneath water by icebergs floating 
on the lake. A somewhat similar, waxy, clayey character affects 
much of the soil on the red shale in the extra-morainic part of 
the basin, a characteristic foreign to unmodified red shale 
residuary. 7 
THE OUTLETS OF LAKE PASSAIC. 
The Moggy Hotlow outlet.— A mile anda half west by north of 
Liberty Corner, at Moggy Hollow, there is the notch in the rim 
of the basin, through which Lake Passaic drained during its 
maximum stage. The bottom ofthe notch has an altitude of 33 
