630 THE JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY. 
ing been greatly weathered, some parts at the bottom alone 
showing the original blue color of the clay. 
West of this highest part of the escarpment a series of 
rather coarse, cross-bedded, stratified sands and gravels, in which 
no fossils have been found, overlies the lower till, at first in a 
a thin layer, but rapidly thickening as the bed of till descends 
toward the lake near Victoria Park, where it expands to a thick- 
ness of more than one hundred feet. Hinde looks on these sands 
and gravels as post-glacial, but similar deposits a few miles to 
the west and north are covered by the upper till; and ata cutting 
on the Scarboro’ street railway a little north of the Park crumpled 
strata of the kind previously referred to are well exposed, suggest- 
ing an inter-glacial age for these beds. However up to the present 
their position must be looked on as not positively settled. 
A comparatively thin layer of coarse gravel and well-rounded 
stones, followed by loamy soil covers these sands and forms the 
surface of the Iroquois terrace. 
From the description just given it will be seen that at the 
Scarboro’ Heights there are two beds of till separated by a deposit 
of unfossiliferous stratified clay and sand amounting in thickness, 
if we add the depth of stratified clay at the Dutch Church to that 
of sand and clay at highest points a little farther east, of 160 
feet. Below the lower till the fossiliferous sands and clays have 
a depth of at least 140 feet, their lower limit being covered by 
the lake. Dr. Hinde assumes a third till below the lower clay, 
nowhere exposed along the Scarboro’ escarpment, but cropping 
twelve miles to the west at Humber Bay, where till overlies the 
Hudson River shales, and is covered by stratified clay not unlike 
that at Scarboro’. The Humber clays, so far as I have observed, 
do not contain peaty matter nor the plate-like concretions of clay- 
iron stone; however, they are so far separated that the conditions 
under which they were deposited may have differed greatly 
from those at Scarboro’. 
Whether the underlying till be found or not, there is every 
reason to think the lower Scarboro’ sands and clays inter-glacial; 
for they contain a series of minerals including garnet, magnetite, 
