CLASSIFICATION OF UPPER PALASOZOIC ROCKS. 695 
Permian,” Nos. 84-80, to which he assigned a thickness of 
forty-two feet, and claimed that on Mill Creek the base of the 
Lower Permian was separated from the Carboniferous by uncon- 
formability.*. In general it is not difficult to identify the beds 
which Swallow referred to the Permian, but those of the Car- 
boniferous are not as clearly defined. Swallow gives the total 
thickness of the beds which I have included in the Wabaunsee 
formation as 546 feet, while from my estimate of the exposures 
along the Kansas River the formation has a thickness of probably 
7) Hote 
As stated above, the greater part of this formation consists 
of a series of limestones alternating with argillaceous and calca- 
reous shales which it is not necessary to consider in detail in 
this article. The upper part of the Wabaunsee formation is more 
important in reference to the geological classification of these 
rocks, since the line drawn by Professor Swallow separating the 
Carboniferous from the Permian occurs forty-two feet below its 
top. Professor Swallow considered bed, No. 84, of his section, 
which he named the ‘dry bone limestone,” the base of his Lower 
Permian; next above came bed No. 83, composed of ‘‘bluish- 
brown marls, one foot; then No. 82, the ‘‘Cotton rock, five 
feet,” above which was No. 81, composed of thirty-one feet of shales 
and marls which is the top of the Wabaunsee formation. These 
shales are capped by a massive limestone, six feet thick, called 
bed No. 80 by Swallow and named the ‘“‘ /wsudina limestone’’ on 
account of the abundance of this fossil. Professor Swallow states 
that beds “Nos. 82, 83 and 84, are sometimes represented by a 
bluish-gray and buff porous magnesian limestone, . . . . con- 
taining numerous Permian Acephala and Zaphrentis and small 
Spirifer,’ and he gives the locality as the Cottonwood.’ 
This limestone is in general very prominent in the bluffs along 
the Cottonwood River from the vicinity of Ellinor to within 
™See section on p. 16, and the following statement on p. 44: ‘‘ Nos. 85-95, from 
the sections near Manhattan are not found in the Mill Creek sections, where No. 84 
rests directly upon the Fusulina shales, No. 96.” 
2 Ibid., p. 16. 
