704 THE JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY. 
writers seem to have overlooked his conclusions and there has 
been much confusion concerning the correlation of the prominent 
limestones of the Kansas and Cottonwood valleys. Professor St. 
John referred to the extensive quarries near Strong City, where 
he stated ‘‘the ledge is extensively wrought.”’” 
Professor Haworth and Mr. Kirk described briefly the Cotton- 
wood limestone as it occurs on the Neosho River from Dunlap 
toward Council Grove and on the Cottonwood River near Cotton- 
wood Falls, and called it Limestone System No. 13 ‘of their 
SOCOM, = 
Geographic extent of the Cottonwood lmestone.—In general it 
seems that the stratigraphic importance of the Cottonwood 
formation has been overlooked. The constant character of the 
limestone, its line of outcrop frequently marked by a row of 
massive, light gray rectangular blocks filled with /ausulina 
cylindrica and capped by a yellowish shale in which occur 
immense numbers of Chonetes granulifera, Athyris subtilita, Pro- 
ductus semireticulatus and a few other fossils constitutes one of 
the most distinctive formations yet seen in the upper Palaeozoic 
rocks of Kansas, and is very valuable for the purposes of strati- 
graphic and areal geology. Recently there have been general 
statements in reference to its extent across the state,3 and such 
distribution is very probable; although I believe it has actually 
been traced but part of the distance. In the summer of 1894 
* Third Bien. Rep. [Kansas] State Board Agri., Vol. VIII., 1883, p. 584. 
2 Kans. Uniy. Quart., Vol. IL., pp. 112, 113, Pl. IV., Figs. 2and 3. Also, see zdzd., 
Vol. IIL., p. 279. 
3A pamphlet on the ‘‘ Mineral Resources of Kansas,” prepared for the Columbian 
Exposition, speaks of the Cottonwood Falls limestone as ‘“‘the most extensive limestone 
bed in the state, and can be traced as one continuous formation across the state from 
north to south” (p. 18). The author, however, did not know the stratigraphic relations 
of the Cottonwood limestone, for he considered as one and the same the limestone at 
Manhattan in the Kansas valley and that at Florence in the Cottonwood valley, while 
as a matter of fact that at Florence is entirely different in character and is strati- 
graphically 250’ above the Cottonwood limestone. The “ Report of the Kansas Board 
of World’s Fair Managers, 1893,” describes a limestone, which, from the localities 
mentioned (Manhattan, Alma, Strong City, etc.) is evidently the Cottonwood stone, 
that forms a “horizon which is traceable across the state from east of Marysville 
[ Beattie, Marshall Co.], on the north, to Cambridge, Cowley county, on the south.” 
a 
