‘ 
TIED, (SEIS ATES AUN IDOE, JEVLOKCT.G S52 INC. Yim 
which they lie, so that the erosion of the latter would neces- 
sarily bring about the erosion and disappearance of the former. 
Another striking feature of the cliff masses is to be found in the 
fact that in spite of the confusion into which they have been 
thrust they give evidence of a generic if not of an earlier actual 
physical connection with one another from the fact that they 
show in certain cases a notable correspondence of irregularities in 
two adjacent cliffs. Thus the Roggenstock and the adjacent 
Laucheren cliffs both present to us Triassic “‘ Haupt Dolomite” 
lying upon Jurassic Aptychus limestone, and the striking corres- 
pondence of strata in the two neighboring masses of the Stanzer- 
horn and the Buochserhorn has been already remarked by Stutz 
in his description of them. This would be what we should 
expect were the cliff masses part of a general overthrust, much 
confused as a whole, but still showing in places evidence of the 
original unity of the entire mass. 
The last two points suggest a third. If the cliffs are part of 
a general overthrust, as the whole region has been strongly 
eroded we might expect to find traces of the original overthrust 
in the material brought down by the agencies of erosion and 
deposited along the foot of the Alps. Singularly enough we 
do find in the Miocene lowlands stretching along the north bor- 
der of the Alps a vast amount of material in fragments from a 
fraction of an inch to five or six feet in diameter and much water- 
worn as a rule, but often fossiliferous, and showing in striking 
degree the same facial development as the cliff series. This | 
material occurs in thick banks of a more or less consolidated 
conglomerate known under the name of Magelfluh, Dr. Fruh, of 
the University in Zurich, who has given us the most complete 
account of this conglomerate, described from it ‘‘ Muschelkalk,” 
Diplopora Limestone, Rauhwacke, Haupt Dolomite, Khaetic, 
“‘Fleckenkalk,” MHierletz beds, Aspidoceras beds, Radiolarian 
chert and Aptychus limetone. A comparison with the table of 
cliff strata given above will show the striking similarity between 
the two. The evidence of very extensive erosion of cliff mate- 
rial thus afforded by the study of the Nagelfluh furnishes addi- 
tional proof that the cliffs are but the last remnants of a once 
