GLAS SIFICATION. OF UPPER PALZOZOIE ROCKS. 7:71 
Fort Riley, Meek and Hayden did not find continuous exposures, 
therefore they underestimated the thickness of the rocks between 
the Manhattan limestone! and the base of the lower flint at Fort 
Riley. They noted at Fort Riley, however, the shales just below 
the lower flint with the Cottonwood fossils, and they state that 
No. 1g ‘‘contains near the upper part fragments of Crinoid col- 
umns, Synocladia biserialis, Spirigera, Productus Norwoodt, Chonetes 
mucronata re : granultfera |, Orthisina Shumardiana, Orthisinaumbrac- 
ulum, etc., with teeth of Petalodus Alleghamensts.”* 
These yellowish fossiliferous shales, which represent No. 16 
of the Crusher Hill section, are well exposed below the massive 
limestone and flint stratum at the Quartermaster’s Bridge at Fort 
Riley. 
THE CHASE FORMATION. 
Succeeding the Neosho formation are massive limestones and 
flints separated by beds of variously colored shales which form 
the region known as the “ Flint Hills” of Kansas. 
Topographically this is a conspicuous region. Steep hills and 
bluffs capped by layers of heavy limestone and flint form quite 
extensive plateaus in which the streams have eroded deep and 
narrow valleys. Professor Broadhead said this region “might 
appropriately be termed the Permian mountains.” 
Three flint horizons—The formation contains three prominent 
massive limestones with interstratified layers of flint which cap 
the conspicuous bluffs and produce the characteristic topographic 
features of the country. These flinty limestones and the inter- 
stratified shales, which are 265 feet in thickness, cover the greater 
part of the western half of Chase county and are well exposed in 
bluffs along the Cottonwood River and its tributaries. The name 
Chase is therefore considered appropriate for this formation. 
In the Cottonwood Valley the lowest of these limestones and 
flints caps the Crusher Hill west of Strong City, and for con- 
venience in describing the formation this horizon may be called 
t Manhattan limestone is the local name of the Cottonwood stone in the Kansas 
River valley. 
2Ibid., p. 17. 
3Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., Vol. IV., Pt. II1., p. 484. 
