64 LTE J OOLMALAORN GHROLOGY: 
less measurably true. But it appears also to be an expression of 
brittleness rather than of viscidity, as a property of the ice. Its. 
competency to stretch must be very slight. The degree of undu- 
lation also shows a feebleness of adaptive fluency. 
The surface of the ice seemed to be wholly free from rocky 
débris save where contact with promontories or nunataks give rise 
to trivial moraines. Except for these the bay ice seemed no more 
free of débris than the surface of the glacier. The descent from 
the sky line to the sea wall must be some 3000 feet, and yet it 
would appear that no material is brought from the base to the 
summit. The exposed portions of the icebergs of the region are 
usually quite free from débris. In a few instances interbedded 
earthy layers were observed. 
A considerable number of icebergs were scattered along the 
front of the sea wall, held fast within the sheet of bay ice that 
still remained stationary. In the moving portion of the ice pack 
comparatively few were seen. It is obvious that the icebergs 
enclosed within the stationary ice embraced all those that had 
been discharged since its freezing, which was at most not more 
g, 
recent than the previous fall; indeed, they probably embraced | 
not a few that had been discharged much previous to that, for 
many of them appeared to be aground, and to have been cub- 
jected to considerable wastage since they had been discharged. 
Large numbers of icebergs were aground on the shallows near 
Cape York and along the face of the Crimson Cliffs. Captain 
Nares expresses the opinion that these bergs originated in Mel- 
ville Bay and were carried westward by the tide, which, coming 
from the south, is turned to the west by the concave contour of 
the bay. If this be true, perhaps it should increase scmewhat 
our estimate of the discharge from the Melville ice wall, but the 
fact that they are aground and wasted, extends the time through 
which their discharge is to be distributed. 
Peaked Hill, a conspicuous landmark on the north side of 
Melville Bay, introduces another transition of the coast phe- 
nomena, a reaction in some measure toward the conditions that 
prevail south of the Thumb. Peaked Hill is a cone set upon an 
