190 IVES OW INAIL (QUE CIB OULOG IZ, 
Observations made by the Ohio Survey and the writer.  Spring- 
field limestone.—Peebles station, about 10 miles southeast of Belfast, 
and 44 miles southeast of the Todd’s Fork locality, on the 
Cincinnati, Portsmouth & Virginia railroad. Along the railroad 
about a quarter of a mile west of Peebles, where the railroad 
crosses a creek (locality 27), there are very good wave marks in 
the rock on the north side of the railroad, in a sort of quarry. 
The rock is of a bluish tint, and is some distance above the - 
Niagara shales. It is presumably of the Springfield horizon. 
The crests of the waves run here north 3° east; they are about 
3% inches above the troughs of the waves, and are about 42 
inches apart, showing therefore approximately the same char- 
acteristics as the waves of Clinton age in Elk Run. They 
descend more rapidly eastward than westward. The wave marks 
are seen at several levels through a thickness of 2% feet of 
rock. Under the wave-marked courses is one marked by 
crossing ripples, on an equally large scale, such marks as can be 
seen on the seashore where the ripples from various directions 
cross each other and break up the regular wave markings. Just 
below, little pebbles, a quarter of an inch to one inch in diameter, 
occur at the base of the wave-marked beds. Their color now is 
gray, the surrounding material being blue. Otherwise they 
could hardly have been recognized. They are therefore not 
satisfactory pebbles. Where the railroad crosses the creek, 50 
feet towards the southeast, the wave marks are shown over a 
larger area. . The crests here run north 5° west. 
Waterlime.—Ripple marks and suncracks are found in the 
Waterlime or Helderberg in Champaign county, and are used at 
Urbana for sidewalks. Suncracks occur in Fayette county near 
Washington, and also near the southeastern part of the county. 
At Rockville some of the courses are covered with suncracks 
and ripple marks. Indications of shallow waters occur also in 
Highland, Pike and Adams counties, according to Professor Orton 
(page 292, Report for 1870, Ohio). 
Corniferous.—In Marion and Delaware counties, at the junc- 
tion of the Waterlime and the Corniferous, the latter is largely 
