262 TE | OWLINAL KO MCTROLE OC Ne 
feet. Here, however, the evidence lacks the precision of that 
supplied by the Lower Turbarian. During that stage moraines 
were deposited upon the fifty-foot beach which overlies the 
Lower Forestian. But none of the latest high-level moraines 
approaches the coast-line—we meet with no moraines resting 
upon the twenty-five-foot beach. 
In the mountain valleys of Norway conspicuous moraines | 
occur at higher levels than those which I have correlated with ~ 
the Lower Turbarian moraines of Scotland, and some of these are 
probably contemporaneous with the moraines of the Upper Tur- 
barian in Scotland. In the eastern Alps no moraines corre- 
sponding to the highest Scottish series are met with, but in the 
loftier regions of the western Alps they will probably be found 
when they are looked for. 
It is well worthy of note that the glaciers of the Lower and 
Upper Turbarian stages endured long enough to allow of the ero- 
sion of many small valley and corrie-basins. Each glacial epoch 
indeed was marked by the formation of lake-basins—some 
excavated in solid rock, others dammed by morainic accumula- 
tions. In Scotland the larger valley-lakes date their origin to 
the epoch of district ice-sheets, etc. (Mecklenburgian stage) ; a 
second series of relatively small valley-basins, and innumerable 
corrie-basins came into existence during the Lower Turbarian 
stage, while a third set of corrie-basins and a few high-level 
valley-basins are the beds of the vanished glaciers of Upper Tur- 
barian times. 
In every region which has been subjected to glacial action 
two areas are recognizable—namely a central area of erosion 
and a peripheral area of accumulation. In the former bare rock 
predominates and only patchy, interrupted deposits of morainic 
origin occur—in the latter the products of glacial erosion are 
accumulated, and the solid rocks are largely concealed. Hence 
it is in the latter areas that interglacial deposits are most likely 
to have been preserved. It is further obvious that if,one and 
the same region has experienced a succession of glacial and 
interglacial conditions, it is rather the accumulations of the later 
