ZOzZ, THE JOURNAL OF (GHOLOGV. 
to the recognition of the Warsaw as a distinct group. In 1866, 
Geology of Illinois, Vol. I., these formations are held to be 
related to the Saint Louis and are all included under that group. 
White, r570.—In this report’ the description of these rocks 
is still more contradictory. The beds included under the War- 
saw group were all referred to the Saint Louis apparently under 
the erroneous assumption, previously made by Worthen, that the 
magnesian limestones at the base of the Warsaw are the equiva- 
lents of the Lithostrotion beds along the Des Moines. In refer- 
ring to the character of the Warsaw beds as seen at the typical 
locality this author says: ‘‘The bluish argillaceous shales which 
so prominently characterize the exposures of this formation at 
II2 
Warsaw are scarcely recognizable in Iowa. This statement, 
however, is at variance with Hall’s observations, as also our own, 
as shown by sections given in this paper. Moreover, the sand- 
stone or arenaceous limestone representing the upper member of 
the original Warsaw is correlated with the Keosauqua sandstone, 
whereas the former is underneath the brecciated limestone, while 
LMewlakvetmisra DONE: 
In 1890 the writer3 called attention to the brecciated char- 
acter for the purpose of suggesting a possible explanation of its 
origin. 
Keyes, 1893.—In Vol. I. of the lowa Geological Survey+* the 
Warsaw beds are recognized as being closely allied to the Keo- 
kuk group faunally, stratigraphically and to a less marked 
degree lithologically. It is not regarded as of sufficient impor- 
tance to warrant a separation and is, therefore, included in the 
Keokuk group, while the discontinuance of the name Warsaw 
as a title equal in rank to Saint Louis, etc., as advocated by 
White is sustained. As the removal of the Warsaw beds carried 
with them their supposed equivalents, the magnesian limestones 
along the Des Moines, the brecciated limestone is described as - 
constituting the basal member of the group in Iowa. 
t Geology of Iowa, Vol. I. 
2 Geology of Iowa, Vol. I, p. 218. 
3 American Naturalist, April, 1891. 
4Kryes, C. R.: Geology of Iowa, 1892, Vol. I. p. 70. 
