364 THE JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY. 
This admirable report of progress, covering nearly 300 pages and 
accompanied by three large-scale maps and dealing with the surface geol- 
ogy of perhaps one-third of New Jersey, establishes a precedent that those 
in charge of other geological surveys will do well to follow. ~ It will no 
doubt be a surprise to many who read the topographic history of New 
Jersey as interpreted by Salisbury, to learn that in the surface features 
of the land there is preserved a record that is fully as interesting and 
instructive as the history of past faunas and floras, which for a long 
time was considered the special field of the geologist. 
Geologists and geographers alike will await with interest the appear- 
ance of the final monograph of the surface features of New Jersey, 
which the reports of progress already issued lead them to expect. 
IsRAEL C. RUSSELL. 
Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. Vol. V1., pp. 103- 
140; Pl. 1. Reconstruction of the Antillean Continent. By J. W. 
SPENCER, A iM? Ph.D.) F.G)S. (lice A= january, sore 
In this paper the author arrives at some very striking conclusions 
concerning the elevation of the Antillean island during Pliocene and 
early Pleistocene times. The deep depressions, which cross the conti- 
nental shelf and which are believed by the author to be drowned val- 
leys, furnish him data by which to estimate the amount of such elevation. 
Between Cape Hatteras and the Bahama Islands four clearly marked 
depressions cross the continental plateau. ‘Three of them are in line with 
rivers of the coastal plain. These fjords can be traced for distances 
between 200 and 300 miles, and into water 12,000 to 14,000 feet deep. 
One of them sinks over 5000 feet below the level of the submerged 
plateau and is comparable to the Grand Canon of the Colorado. . Between 
the Bahama islands are depressions traceable for distances up to 350 
miles, and from depths of about 2000 feet into waters 10,000 to 14,000 
feet deep. In the Gulf of Mexico similar submerged valleys exist, and 
in most cases they are closely related in position to existing rivers. 
They are traceable into water 10,000 feet deep. Their bottoms sink 
from 800 to 3000 feet below the top of the valley sides, and they are 
several miles in width. Other fjords occur off the coasts of the West 
Indies, and around the Caribbean Sea, some of which are traceable into 
depths of 12,000 feet. 
The author concludes that these are land valleys which have been 
