382 THE JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY. 
and a new fauna has come in, of which the majority could not 
have developed out of Knoxville forms, but are of southern type. 
This fauna is found in southern India, where it has been described 
by Stoliczka in the Palzontologia Indica. 
The Horsetown’ beds of California have yielded the follow- 
ing species thought to be identical with species from the Oota- 
toor group (Gault) of southern India: 
Lytoceras sacya, Forbes. 
Schloenbachia inflata, Sowerby. 
flaploceras beudantz, Brongniart. 
Besides these Acanthoceras mamillare, Schlotheim, unknown 
in India, is also found in the Horsetown. 
The lower beds of Queen Charlotte Islands have yielded the 
above Indian species, and in addition to them several others as 
yet unknown in California. These species are nearly all also 
found in the Gault, Lower Cretaceous, of central Europe.’ 
Thus the Californian fauna has lost entirely its Boreal aspect 
since there was no longer any connection with Russia; rocks of 
this age are little known in that part of Europe. 
Upper Cretaceous — Chico.—I1t has been shown by J. S. Diller 
and T. W. Stanton, in the papers cited above, that the Chico rocks 
and the Chico fauna are simply a continuation of the Horsetown. 
No Chico species are referred to European or Indian species, 
but many have near relatives in those regions. But the connec- 
tion was still kept up, for the Upper Cretaceous of Vancouver 
Island still shows the presence of Indian types. On the other 
hand there seems to have been little connection with the interior 
region. 
During the Cretaceous there was a revolution in the West, for 
in California the uppermost Cretaceous and the lowest Eocene 
are lacking. But we do not know how extensive this was, since 
*See the papers of J. F. WHITEAVES, J. S. DILLER and T. W. STANTON cited 
above. 
?A paper by Mr. F. M. ANDERSON on Some Cretaceous beds of Rogue River 
Valley, Oregon (this number JOURNAL GEOLOGY), materially increases the list of 
Indian species on the West Coast, but all the facts stated about the Cretaceous were 
taken wholly from previously published works on the subject. 
