GEA GIAL STUDIES IN GREENEAND. 475 
the glacier because of the protection interposed by the embank- 
ment itself. It is obvious that this phenomenon suggests, if it 
does not demonstrate, the inertness of the glacier at its 
extremity. It is difficult to see how it could be moving at any 
appreciable rate at its end without some disruption of the embank- 
ment, unless it be supposed that the embankment was pushed 
bodily forward as though a part of the glacier itself. In this 
case there would be reason to expect disruptive phenomena at the 
forward edge of the embankment, none of which was observed. 
The existence of the numerous streamlets on the surface of 
the glacier and their size, indicating that they had run consider- 
able courses, is an index of the freedom of the lower part of the 
glacier from crevasses. This freedom is in signal harmony with 
the smoothness of its bottom and the slowness of its motion. It 
is interesting in this connection to note especially that it is not 
longitudinally crevassed, as is the Rhone glacier, which fans out 
at its foot ina somewhat analogous, but far less beautiful fashion. 
Though not the most obtrusive, perhaps the most important 
feature displayed by the glacier was its stratification. Standing 
before its face at any point, it might be seen to be formed of 
definite layers and even of laminations. The photographic illus- 
trations exhibit this in some measure, but the variation in light 
between the alternations of the more solid and the more porous 
ice was too delicate to be fully caught by the camera. The 
simplest form of the stratification consisted of alternations of 
porous, opaque white layers with solid translucent blue ones. 
The blue sheets were thin, while the white ones were relatively 
thick. The more conspicuous variety of stratification was formed 
by the introduction of rock rubbish between layers of relatively 
punericer(iga25 ar Inethe Pan elacier, this) reached ja tat less 
notable development than in the glaciers which will hereafter 
claim our attention. But even there it was sufficiently pro- 
nounced to be a very notable feature. Itis important to observe 
that the rocky material was distributed in definite horizons 
between the ice layers. It was not promiscuously scattered through 
the ice. The débris varied in coarseness from bowlders of large 
