THE OHIO VALLEY IN SOUTHERN INDIANA 269 



country, practically marks the beginning of the* Pleistocene 

 these gravel beds must be pre-Pleistocene. That the| waters 

 would have brought down glacial gravel, had these beds^been 

 deposited during any glacial or interglacial period, is shown by 



IS 



Section from E.to F fig. 1, showing Pigeon plain and valley of Little Pigeon 



Fie. 12 



the fact that in a recent terrace between Rockport and Grand- 

 view several deposits of glacial gravel are found. 



Second : The gravel and sand is unconformably overlain by 

 loess (x Fig. 11.) In several places an old weathered surface is 

 found between the loess and gravel. It seems probable that* the 

 lower loess is Illinoian. This is additional evidence pointing to 

 the conclusion that the gravels are preglacial, for as has just 

 been shown they cannot belong to any glacial or interglacial 

 period. 



Third : There is a marked lithological resemblance of these 

 deposits to the lower members of the deposits of gravel in the 

 Jackson Purchase Region of Kentucky. The Kentucky gravels 

 were called "stratified drift" by Loughridge in his report on 

 the Jackson Purchase Region, 1 and were referred to the Quater- 

 nary. The lower parts of this stratified drift have *since been 

 referred to the Lafayette division of the Neocene by McGee, 2 

 after two conferences of scientists in one of which Loughridge 

 took part. The gravels also agree lithologically with the 

 Lafayette sands and gravels in other parts of Kentucky as 

 described by McGee. 



Fourth : The nonoccurrence of preglacial gravels in Pigeon 

 Plain is without a reasonable doubt and their absence and the 

 presence of typical river-bluff loess along the sides of the valley 



1 Kentucky Geol. Sur. 1888, Jackson Purchase Region, p. 57. 

 2 U. S. Geol. Sur., 12th Ann. Rep., 1890-1, p. 500. 



