270 ARTHUR C. VEATCH 



point strongly to the conclusion that the cut-off was made between 

 the time of deposition of those deposits ; there must, therefore, 

 have been a considerable time interval between the deposition of 

 the gravels and the loess during which this valley was formed. 

 Fifth: Farther up the river 1 gravels are found on both the 

 Indiana and Kentucky sides. Well sections at Rockport show 

 that river alluvium extends over 70 feet below the level of the 

 river plain. These two facts show that after the partial filling 

 of the valley with gravel the land rose and the river trenched 

 through the gravel and deep into the underlying Carboniferous 

 rocks (Fig. 7). This gorge cutting is correlated with the main 

 gorge cutting of the central part of this country caused by the 

 Ozarkian or Post Lafayette uplift. Hence the gravels are pre- 

 Ozarkian and if instead of taking the first glacial invasion to 

 mark the beginning of the Pleistocene the Ozarkian uplift is 

 taken, the gravels and accompanying deposits are still pre- 

 Pleistocene. 



There are these five reasons for believing the gravels and 

 sands to be pre-Pleistocene. Briefly they are : 



1. Absence of glacial pebbles in the deposit. 



2. Unconformity and old soil between the gravel and the 

 loess. 



3. Lithological resemblance of beds to known Tertiary beds. 



4. Erosion record furnished by old river channel (?). 



5. Pre-Ozarkian deposition of gravel. 



Since they are pre-Pleistocene they are here referred to the 

 Lafayette divison of the Neocene because, so far as the writer 

 is aware, they resemble no other pre-Pleistocene deposits. 



Fig. 2 gives the location of the Lafayette coast line accord- 

 ing to McGee. 2 From the Wabash River northward McGee 

 represents the ocean waters as extending in an indefinite way 

 over southern Illinois. Mr. McGee in speaking of this map says 



1 It is regetted that lack of time prevented the examination of the hills below 

 Owensboro, Ky. For several reasons it is believed that a corresponding series of 

 gravel will be found there. 



2 i2th Ann. Rep. U. S. Geol. Sur. 1890, pp. 353-521. 



