LAKE SUPERIOR FORMATIONS 73 
pebbles. Barlow has shown’ that, in the Temiscaming region, 
the granite-gneisses are in eruptive contact with this conglome- 
rate. I have shown? that Murray recognized the eruptive 
character of the gneiss in connection with his slate conglomerate, 
though he attempted to explain the facts by faults. I have 
also shown? that at Michipicoten the schist conglomerate is 
pierced by granite-gneiss. Lawson‘ shows in his Lake of the 
Woods and Rainy Lake reports that the granite-gneisses are in 
eruptive contact with the schist conglomerates of his Keewatin. 
We have thus for eight hundred miles across Ontario: (1) 
a schist conglomerate carrying pebbles of jasper and chert; 
(2) large areas of granite-gneiss in eruptive contact with it. 
It is, of course, possible that these eruptions did not all take 
place at the same period, but from their magnitude and close 
connection throughout the whole region it is probable that they 
did. Taken with the occurrence of a conglomerate carrying 
such peculiar pebbles as jasper, it may almost be considered 
proved that all are of the same age. For this reason, in addi- 
tion to those given above, the original Upper Huronian is con- 
sidered the equivalent of Van Hise’s Lower Huronian, 
It follows that the Animikie (and so the Mesabi and Penokee) 
is younger than the Huronian. This was Logan’s position5 
who called the Animikie the lower group of his upper copper 
bearing rocks. McKellar® held on lithological and structural 
grounds that the Animikie was later than the Huronian. 
Lawson’ points out that the conglomerates of his Upper 
Kaministiquia come out close to the shores of Thunder Bay and 
form the basement upon which the undisturbed Animikie rocks 
rest with strongly marked unconformity. Lawson’s Upper 
Kaministiquia I consider Upper Huronian. They are included 
in the vertical schists which are cut by the eruptive granite- 
gneisses. 
* Geol. Sur., Can., X, p. 91, I. 
2 Am. Geol., XXVIII, 1901, p. 18. 5 Geol. of Can., 1863, p. 67. 
3 /bid., p. 16. 6 Trans. Roy, Soc., Can., V, 1887. 
4Am. Geol., VII, 1891, pp. 320-27. 7Am. Geol., VII, 1891. 
