THE SUNBURY SHALE OF OHIO 267 
Meek, which is represented in the Ohio valley by the Waverly 
black shale of Andrews. 
In July, 1878, Professor L. E. Hicks, of Denison University, 
published ‘‘the discovery that an unmistakable outcrop of Cleve- 
land shale exists two miles east of Sunbury in Delaware county, 
southern [ central | Ohio, on the land of Horace Whitney. It 
lies above the calcareous sandrock of the Sunbury quarries, which 
Professor N. H. Winchell, a special assistant on the Ohio Geol- 
ogical Survey, identified as Berea grit. My discovery demonstrates 
the incorrectness of that identification, and raises strong pre- 
sumption, amounting almost to a certainty, that he was equally 
wrong in respect to his Berea grit in Morrow and Crawford 
counties. 3 
Professor Hicks was mistaken in this identification, and his 
conclusion regarding Professor Winchell’s work was likewise 
erroneous ; for the black shale which Hicks called the Cleveland 
is the Berea shale of Meek resting on top of the Berea sand- 
stone, and therefore Professor Winchell’s identification was 
correct. 
In the September number of the same periodical, Professor 
Hicks named and described the divisions of ‘‘the Waverly group 
in central Ohio,” or, ‘‘the strata lying between the Huron shales 
( Devonian) and the base of the Coal-measures,” selecting 
‘names derived from localities in Licking and Delaware coun- 
ties.”?. In ascending order these names are (1) “Sunbury cal- 
ciferous sandrock,” go to 100 feet thick, which is the Berea grit ; 
(2) “Sunbury black slate,” from 10 to 15 feet in thickness, 
which is the Berea shale; (3) ‘‘ Raccoon shales,” 300 feet thick, 
a good exposure of which occurs on Moot’s Run, a tributary of 
Raccoon Creek, four and one-half miles west of Granville, which 
are the equivalent of at least the lower and middle portions of 
the Cuyahoga shales of northern Ohio; (4) ‘‘ Black Hand con- 
glomerate and Granville beds,’ 85 to 90 feet thick; and (5) 
“Licking shales,” from 100 to 150 feet thick.3 In addition to 
t Am. Jour. Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., Vol. XVI, p. 71. 
2 [bid., p. 216. 3 /b7d., p. 216. 
