TE SUNBRORYNSHALE OF, OHIO 27M 
of the ‘Geology of Ohio,’* but added nothing to what has 
already been cited, and this account was republished in 1893.’ 
Professor Cushing reported the Berea shale in northeastern 
Ohio, with a thickness of 4o feet overlying 35 feet of Berea 
grit, near the Pennsylvania line, and farther west in his section 
through Warren, Trumbull county, 55 feet of Berea shale. 
For some years Professor C. L. Herrick studied the Waverly 
series, and in his general conclusions introduced the term 
‘“‘ Berea” or ‘‘ Transition series,’ which included the rocks from 
the base of the Cleveland shale to either the bottom or top ofa 
conglomerate in the upper part of the Waverly, which he called 
conglomerate 1.4 It is not clear whether this conglomerate was 
included in the Berea series or not, for on page 100 it is given 
in this series, but on page 105 it is given in the overlying Kinder- 
hook division. One of the divisions of the Berea series he 
called the Berea shale, but included in it not only the black 
shale which Dr. Orton called the Berea, but also the greater part 
of the overlying Cuyahoga shale as defined by Dr. Orton. The 
upper 40 feet of shale in the Berea series underlying conglom- 
erate No. 1 was called the Waverly shale.’ 
Ina later paper, however, Professor Herrick was not inclined 
to extend the limits of the Berea shale beyond those of Dr. 
Orton, for he wrote as follows, under the heading ‘‘ Berea Shale’’: 
This term is conveniently applied to the thin band of bituminous shale 
above the [Berea] grit and perhaps should not be extended (as the writer has 
done in a previous paper) to the gray and blue shales above. In southern 
Ohio it varies from fifteen to twenty feet in thickness and is little more than 
two feet thick at Chagrin Falls.® 
Mr. W. F. Cooper, who continued the investigation of Pro- 
fessor Herrick on the Waverly series, used the term ‘ Berea 
shale’’ in the sense in which it was first used by Professor 
Herrick; but made two divisions, viz., first, the lower Berea 
t Rep. Geol. Surv. Ohto, Vol. VI, pp. 36, 37. 2 [bid., Vol. VII, p. 30. 
3Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sct., Vol. XXXVI, 1888, p. 214. 
4 Bull. Denison Univ., Vol. IV, 1888. 
5 Jbtd., pp. 106, 107. 6 Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., Vol. II, Jan. 1891, p. 35. 
