272 CHARLES S. PROSSER 
shale, resting on the Berea grit, 180 feet (?) in thickness, capped 
by the upper Berea shale, 30 feet thick, which was described 
as ‘the most fossiliferous zone yet found in the Waverly of 
Central Ohio.”? Later, however, Mr. Cooper used the term 
‘Berea shale’’ in the sense in which it was used by Dr. Orton, 
for he wrote as follows: 
The Berea shale is immediately over the Berea sandstone. ... . This 
horizon has also been called the Waverly black shale, by Andrews, varies in 
Ohio from 15 to 50 feet in thickness, throughout the line of outcrop, and is an 
exceedingly persistent and well defined horizon.’ 
In 1889, Dr. Newberry gave the thickness of the Waverly 
group in northeastern Ohio as about 500 feet, which he stated 
was composed of the following divisions :3 
Average thickness. 
1. Cuyahoga shale - - : - - 230 feet 
2. Berea shale - - - - - =" 20 
3.. Berea Grit’ - - - - - - 60 
4. Bedford Shale - - - - - 75 
5. Cleveland Shale? = - - - - 50 
He also referred to Professor Hicks’ announcement of the dis- 
covery of the Cleveland shale in Delaware county, and stated that: 
I think he has found there the Berea shale, which lies immediately above 
the Berea grit. This latter shale is persistent southward, and is apparently 
the black shale, so rich in fish remains at Vanceburgh, Kentucky. I suspect 
the Cleveland shale does not pass south of the line of the Western Reserve.‘ 
The above clearly shows that Dr. Newberry abandoned his 
early idea of the extension of the Cleveland shale across the 
state, and accepted the later correlation of the Berea shale of 
northern with the Waverly black shale of southern Ohio. 
DISTRIBUTION. 
CENTRAL OHIO. 
Rattlesnake Creek near Sunbury.—I\n this account of the distri- 
bution of the Sunbury shale across the state we will begin with 
t Bull. Sci. Lab. Denison Univ., Vol. V, 1890, pp. 25, 26. 
2 Geol. Surv. Michigan, Vol. VII, Pt. II, 1900, p. 286. 
3 Monographs U. S. Geol. Surv., Vol. XVI, “‘The Paleozoic Fishes of North 
America,” p. 120. 
4 Tbid., p. 129. 
