292 CHARLES S. PROSSER 
The first distinct geographical name applied to the Sunbury 
shale was the ‘‘ Waverly black slate,” by Andrews, in 1870," 
who gave its general thickness as 16 feet and its base as 137 
feet above the top of the Ohio black slate, on Andrews’ ‘ Sec- 
tion of Waverly rocks . . . . on the Ohio river,’’ however, the 
thickness of the Waverly black slate was given as 15% feet, and 
its base as 134 feet above the top of the Ohio black slate. The 
thickness of the ‘‘ City ledge”’ was given by Andrews as 3 feet 
5 inches near Rockville and 4% feet on the Flagg land, prob- 
ably on Lower Twin Creek,’ and in 1871, in his ‘‘ Section along 
the Ohio river from Adams to Lawrence counties,” he reported 
it as 4 feet thick. 
Dr. Orton, in 1882, published a general statement concern- 
ing the formations in the vicinity of Buena Vista, in which 
he stated: 
The Bedford shale is still distinguishable with normal thickness, but 
carrying a relatively larger proportion of stone than to the northward. The 
Berea grit is clearly recognizable in the so-called “ cliff stone,’ which has 
been quite largely worked here. The Berea shale (Waverly black shale) is 
a constant guide to the true order. The Buena Vista stone makes, as else- 
where, the base of the Cuyahoga shale, which is charged with more frequent 
freestone beds than to the northward.5 
y 
Finally, Herrick, in 1891, in his section of the southerm 
exposures of the Waverly near Portsmouth, gave the thickness 
of the Berea black shale (Sunbury) as 15 feet, below which was 
from 30 to 4o feet of Berea grit flags.° 
Vanceburg.—On the Kentucky side of the Ohio river about 
five miles below Buena Vista is Vanceburg at the eastern end of 
which is a steep and high hill known as Alum Rock. 
* Geol. Surv. Ohio, Pt. Il, ‘Rept. Prog. Sec. Dist.” [in 1869], p. 66. 
? [bid., ““ Map showing the Lower Coal-measures.”’ 
3 [bid., p. 66. 
4 Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., Vol. XI, p. 245. 
5 Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., Vol. XXX, p. 174. 
® Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., Vol. I, p. 40. 
