TIDE  SONBOKRY SHALE OF OFLO 303 
The layers are buff in color, more or less undulating, and some 
of them have ripple marks. Just above is the black Sunbury 
shale in the lower part of which are immense numbers of Lingula 
melie Hall, together with a larger Lzngula which is not nearly so 
abundant. 
Above Edgewater, a mile or more beyond the locality just 
described, is a rocky bank which shows the following section: 
At the base a blackish fissile shale, about eight feet in thickness; 
at the top of the shale 1s a thin sandstone, above which is another 
zone of shale, capped by a thin sandstone. The Berea sandstone 
is not shown at the river level and the exposed shales and sand- 
stones apparently belong to the lower part of the Cuyahoga 
formation. 
M.C. Read wrote the geological report of Trumbull county, 
and under the description of ‘‘the Cuyahoga shale” he stated 
that: 
In the bed of the Mahoning west of Warren, the abundance of Lizngule 
and the lithological peculiarities indicate that the stream at this point cuts 
nearly through these shales, and that the Berea grit is to be found at no 
great depth below.' 
From the above statement it is evident that Read did not find 
or recognize the Berea grit in the Mahoning river above Warren. 
It is of course possible that he did not visit the locality where 
the anticlinal fold crosses the river and brings up the Berea so 
that he did not see the top of the formation, or perhaps the 
water was considerably higher at the time of his work, and the 
sandstone was covered. 
Mr. Read appears to have been confused regarding the 
horizon of the Berea grit near the state line, a point which has 
been: elucidateduby Wr. 1. ©. White? and Professor 17 E\Cush- 
ing who identified the formation in the vicinity of Warren. 
Professor Cushing’s statement is as follows: ‘North of Warren 
another sandstone appears directly under the black shale | the 
Sunbury or Berea shale] and is the equivalent of the lowest 
t Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, Vol. I, Pt. 1, 1873, p. 504. 
2 Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Q3, pp. 60 f., 62, 63 f., and Q4, pp. 77 f., 85, 86. 
