THE VARIATIONS OF GLACIERS oy, 
that the Hugh Miller and the Muir glaciers have receded about 
two miles in the last twenty years; the Grand Pacific and the 
Johns Hopkins about four miles; and the Geikie, Rendu, and 
Carroll from seven to ten miles. 
Glacier Bay, Alaska, remains so full of floating ice resulting 
from the earthquake of September, 1899, that steamers were 
unable to approach Muir glacier last summer. However, on 
December 31, 1901, one of the steamers made a special effort to 
approach the glacier and succeeded in reaching a point about a 
mile from the former ice wall. The captain of the steamer 
reports that from this point onwards the inlet was closely packed 
with large bergs, and that the true end of the glacier could not 
be distinguished. The shores of the inlet were thickly covered 
with large stranded icebergs fifty or sixty feet high. 
Last summer the author visited the glaciers of Mt. Hood 
and Mt. Adams. These two volcanic cones in the northern 
part of the Cascade Range support eight and nine glaciers 
respectively. The heights of the lateral, and in some cases of 
the terminal, moraines show that the glaciers have been larger 
at no distant date, and that they are now retreating. Some 
of the moraines are still underlain by ice. But few of the 
glaciers occupy valleys; many of them lie on the mountain 
slopes supported by their lateral moraines, and it is evident that 
they have eroded their beds very little. Stations were estab- 
lished at the ends of several glaciers, and future variations will 
be shown by photographs to be taken from these stations. 
Harry FIELDING REID. 
GEOLOGICAL LABORATORY, 
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, 
February 26, 1902. 2 
