398 hy Lely (OH GSPL WI 
gently dipping Paleozoic rocks and sloping eastward to Lake 
Champlain, northward to the St. Lawrence, westward to Lake 
Ontario, and southward to the Mohawk. The central peaks, of 
which Marcy is the highest, lie about thirty miles west of Lake 
Champlain and one hundred miles south of the St. Lawrence. 
GLACIAL PHENOMENA. 
General relations of the region to the direction of ice movement.— 
The region lies 250 miles north of the terminal moraine on Long 
Island, and is thus well within the limits of the last continental 
ice sheet. It is interesting to determine the effect upon the 
direction of ice movement of this enormous mass of rock across 
its path, and what effect the ice left upon the region thus traversed. 
As is well known, the ice in the last glacial epoch was differ- 
entiated into lobes which conformed more or less closely to 
pre-existing valleys." One such lobe lay in the Hudson and 
Champlain valleys, its axis in the southern part corresponding, 
not to the Hudson valley, but to the broad valley west of the 
Palisade Ridge.? Another lobe lay to the westward, presenting 
a fringed margin in the shape of local glaciers in the Finger Lake 
region, its upper portion coming ina broad stream from the upper 
St. Lawrence valley. These two valleys intersect slightly north- 
east of the Adirondacks. The prevailing direction in the St. 
Lawrence valley being southwest, it follows that these two streams 
must have separated near the point of junction of the two valleys. 
The dispersion of ice from northern Canada seems to have 
taken place from several centers. Eastern Labrador was one 
such center, ice moving out from it inall directions. Glacier ice 
seems to show a general tendency to choose broad, open valleys 
tT. C. CHAMBELIN, “ Preliminary paper on the Terminal Moraine of the Second 
Glacial Epoch.” Third Annual Report U. S. Geol. Surv., pp. 295-402. 
2R. D. SALISBURY, “ Drift Phenomena of the Palisade Ridge,” Annual Report 
Geol. Surv. of New Jersey, 1893, pp. 157-225. 
3 For summary of literature on Canada see SIR J. WILLIAM Dawson, Zhe Canadian 
Ice Age, Montreal, 1893. 
4R, BELL, ‘ Glacial Phenomena in Canada,” Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., Vol. I, 1890. 
