REVIEWS 443 
and blue brick clays of the Red River valley; the stoneware clays and fire clays of 
Dickinson and the clays of Minot and Plenty Mine are probably Laramie; while the 
shales about Park River and the Pembria Mountains are in the Fort Pierre. Analyses 
of European and New Jersey clays are quoted, with notes on the qualities requisite for 
the various clay products. Detailed descriptions of North Dakota clays, with analyses 
and: tests, are then given. 
Clays suitable for the manufacture of common brick are widely distributed, and 
plants are in operation at Fargo, Minot, Bismarck, Burlington, Grand Forks, Dray- 
ton, and many other places. 
Near Minot, at Bismarck, in Mercer county, and at the Lehigh mine, clays occur 
which are adapted to use in the manufacture of pipe, tile, and terra cotta. None of 
these are at present used. 
Fire clays and stoneware clays are found at only one locality in the state, near 
Dickinson, Stark county. These clays are in the Laramie, and outcrop in quantity on 
the bluffs near the town. A large fire-brick plant is now in operation at this point, 
the product being of very high grade. 
BLATCHLEY, W.S. Oolite and Oolitic Stone for Portland Cement Manufac- 
ture. Twenty-fifth Ann. Rept. Indiana Dept. Geol. and Natural 
Resources. Pp. 322-330, Pl. 13, 1901. 
Pure limestones occur in Crawford, Harrison, Washington, Lawrence, Monroe, 
and Owen counties, Indiana. Analyses show that the lime carbonate usually exceeds 
95 per cent., with rarely more than 1 per cent. magnesium carbonate. Clays and 
shales of suitable quality are, in many places, near the limestones. Several companies 
have been organized to utilize these limestones and clays in the manufacture of Port- 
land cement. 
BuCKLEY, E. R. The Clays and Clay Industries of Wisconsin. Bulletin 7, 
Part I, Wisconsin Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv. 8vo, pp. 304, Pl. 55, Igo. 
Chapters on the origin, composition, classification, and properties of clays pre- 
cede detailed descriptions of the clay deposits and industries of Wisconsin. 
Buckley discusses previous classifications and offers a scheme based primarily on 
origin and secondarily on position : 7 
I. Residual, derived from 
a. Granitic or gneissoid rocks. 
6. Basic igneous rocks. 
c. Limestone or dolomite. 
d. Slate or shale. 
e. Sandstone. 
II. Transported, by 
a. Gravity assisted by water. 
Deposits near the heads and along the slopes of ravines. 
b. Ice: : 
Deposits resulting mainly from the melting of the ice of the Glacial Epoch. 
c. Water. 
1. Marine. 
2. Lacustrine. 
3. Alluvial. 
d. Wind. 
Loess. 
