382 Reports and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 



Sir William Dawson, C.M.G., F.R.S., exhibited specimens and 

 lantern-slides illustrating the general form, arrangement of lamina-, 

 and distribution of the canals and tubuli in characteristic specimens 

 of Eozoon ennadense. He pointed out that an examination of these 

 specimens and photographs might prevent mistakes likely to 

 arise from the study of imperfect specimens or from supposing 

 that laminated rocks resembled Eozoon, and also that they exhibited 

 additional peculiarities observed since the original publication of 

 the description of Eozoon in the Quarterly Journal of the Society 

 in I860. He did not wish to enter upon any argument as to 

 the nature of Eozoon, but merely to show the appearance of the 

 principal structures on which the conclusion that it was of animal 

 origin had been based. He also pointed out that these structures 

 might be misunderstood when studied in imperfectly-preserved 

 specimens, and that the wonder was not that so many specimens 

 were imperfect, but that any structure had been preserved. He 

 also shortly noticed the growing probabilities in favour of the 

 existence of a rich marine fauna in pre-Cambrian times, and some 

 of the discoveries in this direction already made or in progress. 



The following communications were read : — 



1. " Notes on the Glacial Geology of Arctic Europe and its 

 Islands. Part II : Arctic Norway, Eussian Lapland, Novaya 

 Zemlya, and Spitzbergen." By Colonel H. W. Feilden, F.G.S. 

 With an Appendix by Professor T. G. Bonney, D.Sc, LL.D., 

 F.R.S., V.P.G.S. 



The author gives an account of observations made in Arctic Norway 

 which tends to prove that the shell-bearing terraces are true marine 

 deposits indicating uplift since their formation, and that they were 

 not formed by ice-dams. He then describes terraces recently formed 

 in Kolguev Island, which illustrate the combined influence of pack- 

 ice, sea- waves, and snow on the formation of terraces in a rising area. 

 The glacial geology of the Kola Peninsula is next considered, and 

 the distribution of the boulders noticed. There is no doubt that 

 these boulders have been derived from local rocks, and that no ice- 

 sheet from the North ever passed through Barents Sea or impinged 

 on the northern coast of Europe. 



The author saw no evidence of the former extension of an ice- 

 sheet over the now frost-riven rocks of Novaya Zemlya. He found 

 widespread deposits of boulder-clay with marine shells in this 

 region, which he attributes to the action of floating ice. In the 

 Kostin Schar many of the islands are connected by ridges covered 

 with rounded stones pushed up by floe-ice, with solid rock beneath 

 glaciated by the floe-ice. Several minor phenomena connected with 

 the glacial geology of Novaya Zemlya are also described. The 

 raised beaches of Franz Josef Land ai'e noticed, and immense deposits 

 occurring in Spitzbergen, which were originally formed under water 

 in front of glaciers, alluded to. These, as well as other submarine 

 deposits of glacio-marine origin seen elsewhere by the author, show 

 no signs of stratification. 



