430 Dr. Forsyth Major — Fossil Monkeys from Madagascar. 



premolars overlap each other, as in the upper jaw, their longest 

 diameter being oblique to the long axis of the skull ; the anterior 

 of the two has a longitudinal trenchant blade ; the pattern of wear 

 in the more bulky posterior one is somewhat like a cross. 



These combined characters amply justify the establishment of 

 a separate family of Anthropoidea for the Malagasy fossil, inter- 

 mediate in some respects between the South American Cebidaa and 

 the Old-World Cercopithecida?, besides presenting characters of 

 its own. 



Farm nov. Nesopitheoid^:. 



Gen. nov. Nesopithecus Roberti. 



Measurements. 



mm. 

 Length of dental series from canine to last molar (upper jaw) ... 61 



upper molar series 23 



premolar series 27 



p 2 11*5 



p 3 12-5 



Transverse diameter of p 1; at basis 12 



Length of upper canine 1T5 



,, palate, in middle line 56 



"Width of skull, between zygomata about 95 



,, ,, between outer margins of posterior-premolar (pj) 48*5 



,, ,, ,, ,, canines 45-5 



„ palate between inner margins of canines 29 o 



,, ,, ,, ,, anterior molar (mj) ... 24 



,, interorbital spatium 24 



Transverse diameter of orbit about 25 



Width of nasals above 125 



,, ,, below 20 



Lower jaw: 



Length of dental series exclusive of incisors 55 - 5 



,, molar series 26'5 



,, premolar series ... , 28 - 5 



Width of p! 11 



„ P2 9 



P 3 ;•■ . — ; U 



Width of lower incisor series between margins of outer alveoli ... 17 "5 

 Height of horizontal ramus beneath m : 26 



The present discovery suggests the following general conclusions, 

 which I expect will be corroborated by further finds. 



(1) We may look forward in Continental Africa likewise for the 

 discovery of Tertiary monkeys, intermediate between Cebidai and 

 Cercopithecidse. 



(2) The recent African Cercopithecidee are not invaders from the 

 north-east, as has been supposed ; on the contrary, most, if not all, 

 of the Tertiary monkeys of Europe and Asia are derived from the 

 Ethiopian region. The home of a part at least of the Anthropoidea 

 seems to have been in the Southern Hemisphere. This assumption 

 is corroborated by the two facts — that Anthropoidea make their 

 appearance suddenly for the first time in the later Tertiary of Europe 

 and Asia, and that they are entirely absent from the Tertiary of 

 North America. 



