Correspondence — Prof. W. M. Davis. 525 



the Constantinople earthquakes of July, 1894. The authorities 

 were fortunate enough to secure the services as Director of Dr. G. 

 Agamennone, whose excellent work as assistant in the Meteoro- 

 logical and Geodynamio Office of Rome is widely known among 

 seismologists. The success achieved by him in one year proves 

 that something good can even yet come out of the Ottoman Empire. 



The first of the above-mentioned papers is a catalogue of forty- 

 nine shocks felt in Turkey alone in 1894. This includes the 

 Constantinople earthquake and many of its after-shocks. In the 

 following year, Dr. Agamennone commenced the publication of 

 monthly Bulletins, and at the same time widened the area of inves- 

 tigation so as to embrace all the countries bordering the eastern 

 end of the Mediterranean. The third paper, published in the 

 Bulletins for December, 1895, and January, 1896, contains a 

 summary of the results for 1895. Instead of the 49 shocks 

 chronicled in the previous year, we have no fewer than 400 

 observed in Turkey, 236 in Greece, 55 in Bulgaria, and 62 in 

 the remainder of the region, making a total of 753, or about 

 two a day. The majority of these are connected with several 

 well-marked earthquake-centres, of which Dr. Agamennone dis- 

 criminates thirty-one as having been in action in 1895. The 

 Constantinople centre has sunk into relative unimportance, only 

 ten shocks being known to have their origins in the neighbourhood 

 of that city. 



One of the most important earthquakes in 1895 was that felt at 

 and near Paramythia during the night of May 13-14. Its intensity 

 was between the degrees ix and x of the Rossi-Forel scale. At 

 least seventy persons were killed, and more than 500 houses were 

 destroyed, within an area of about 150 square miles. The shock 

 was felt at Zante, about 110 miles from the epicentre, and was 

 registered at several observatories in Italy, and also at Nicolaiew, 

 in the south of Russia. From the times obtained at these places 

 and near the epicentre, Dr. Agamennone estimates that the early 

 tremors travelled at about 1*21 miles a second, and the larger 

 pulsations at about 088 miles a second. C. Davison. 



COEEESPOITDBITCE. 



THE PENEPLAIN OF THE SCOTCH HIGHLANDS. 



Sir, — Your Magazine for last March contains an article by 

 Messrs. Macnair and Reid that touches on a chapter in Scotch 

 geology and geography which has interested me for some time 

 past; but, unhappily, the few words of discussion that I con- 

 tributed to the problem in a footnote to an article on a very 

 different subject 1 seem to have been misunderstood by the above- 

 named authors. 



The problems discussed by Messrs. Macnair and Reid include 

 a consideration of the geographical conditions obtaining in Scotland 



1 "The Development of certain English Rivers": London Geogr. Journ. 1895, 

 p. 139. 



