204 REVIEWS 



The topographic work of the two expeditions referred to is com- 

 bined on the map accompanying the report under review. This map 

 showing ice, land, water, and moraines, is published on a scale of six 

 miles to one inch, and embraces the entire extent of Glacier Bay, and 

 its inlets. The extremities of all of the tidewater glaciers which dis- 

 charge into the waters of the bay and the greater portion of Muir 

 glacier with its many feeding ice streams, are also included. The 

 numerous fine illustrations, reproductions of photographs, give a more 

 graphic idea, especially of the characteristic features of the ends of the 

 tide-water glaciers, than can be conveyed by written descriptions. 



The general features of the shores and islands of Glacier Bay are 

 described, special attention being given to the glaciers and inlets. 

 Glacier Bay to the west of Muir glacier, has seldom been visited and 

 was never surveyed previous to Professor Reid's careful examination. 

 In this new field many important discoveries were made, and a number 

 of geographical features named. Several glaciers were appropriately 

 named in honor of distinguished European geologists. 



There are eight glaciers to the westward of Muir glacier which dis- 

 charge bergs into the waters of Glacier Bay; The extremity of each 

 of these was examined and carfuUy mapped. The most extensive ice 

 front of any of the nine tide-water glaciers, is that of the Grand Pacific 

 at the extreme western extension of the bay. This glacier at present 

 is divided by a high rockmass, in part island and in part nunatak, but 

 presents an actual ice front 12,500 feet in length. A small recession 

 will separate the ice from the land that divides it and increase the 

 length of its magnificent ice cliffs to fully three miles. The combined 

 extent of the ice frontage of the several tide-water glaciers of Glacier 

 Bay, is between twelve and thirteen miles. 



The hard geology about the shores of Glacier Bay and to a limited 

 extent, of the mountains from which Muir glacier receives tributary 

 glaciers, receives attention. Large areas of diorite, quartz -diorite, 

 argillite, limestone, sand and gravel, are shown on a sketch map. A 

 few fossils obtained from loose debris indicate that the limestones are 

 of Carboniferous age. 



The stratified gravel and sand containing stumps and trees, beneath 

 the extremity of Muir glacier, and on the adjacent shores, to which con- 

 siderable attention had previously been given by Professor Reid and 

 others, were again studied and fresh observations made which sustain 

 the conclusion that gravels, etc., were laid down by streams from the 



