W. D. Lang — Genotypes of some Polyzoa. 171 



transmutavi " — by Flustra. Therefore Eschara and Flustra are 

 by definition, synonyms, and, since Linnaeus himself had no 

 power to supplant one of his own names, Eschara must stand and 

 Flustra fall. Since, however, the name Flustra is invariably 

 used for F. foliacea, the genolectotype of this genus and of 

 Fschara (see under Eschara), while JEschara is used variously, it 

 would be desirable, if possible, to standardise the name Flustra 

 and delete Eschara from zoological nomenclature. 



Hippothoida, Vine, 1893, p. 316 ; Hippothoida brevis, Reuss, is written 

 for Hippothoa brevis Reuss ; it is clear that Vine did not intend 

 thereby to found a new genus, but that Hippothoida is a lapsus 

 for Hippothoa. 



Lagodiopsis, Marsson, 1887, p. 99; genotype, Multescharipora 

 francqana d'Orbigny, 1852, pi. 734, figs. 6-8, 1853, p. 497 ; 

 this species is generally considered congeneric with Murinopsia 

 Jullien, 1886, p. 608, with the genotype Semiescharipora galeata 

 Beissel, 1865, p. 55, pi. vi figs. 70-75, pi. vii, fig. 76; in this 

 connection it may be observed that Marsson mentions a second 

 species of Lagodiopsis, namely Cellepora pinguis von Hagenow, 

 1851, p. 88, pi. x, fig. 15, a form probably congeneric with 

 Cribrilina triceps Marsson, 1887, p. 98, pi. x, fig. 12, and there- 

 fore a Tricephalopora ; but it seems that Marsson meant to found 

 Lagodiopsis upon Multescharipora francqana d'Orbigny and that 

 this species therefore must be regarded as the genotype. 



Lekythoglena, Marsson, 1887, p. 90; genosyntypes, L. ampullacea 

 Marsson, 1887, p. 91, pi. ix, fig. 7 ; L. efftgurata Marsson, 1887, 

 p. 91, pi. ix, fig. 8 ; genolectotype, L. ampullacea, Marsson, 

 1887, p. 91, pi. ix, fig. 7, see Lang, 1916, p. 390. 



Lepralia, Johnston, 1838, p. 277 ; genosyntypes, seven Recent 

 species of which Norman, 1903 2 , pp. 99, 100, has chosen L. nitida 

 Johnson (i.e. Berenicea nitida Fleming, 1828, p. 533, non Celle- 

 pora nitida Fabricius) as the genolectotype. While accepting 

 Norman's solution of a difficult problem, I must admit that it is 

 arguable with equal propriety that Lepralia is synonymous 

 with Escharoides, Edwards. But, where two solutions are 

 equally tenable, and one has already been deliberately chosen, 

 not to follow this rule would be contrary. 



Mehbranipora, Blainville, 1830, p. 411; genosyntypes, six Recent 

 and five fossil species, of which the genolectotype is Flustra 

 membranacea Linnaeus, 1767, p. 1301; see Norman, 1903 l , 

 p. 585. 



Membraniporella, Smitt, 1873, p. 10 ; genotype, Lepralia nitida, 

 auctt., but with reference to Smitt, 1868, pp. 306, 401, on the 

 former page of which it is clear that Lepralia nitida Johnston 

 (1838, p. 277, pi. xxxiv, fig. 7) is meant. This species is the 

 genolectotype of Lepralia — see under Lepralia — of which 

 Membraniporella is thus a synonym. 



Phractopora, Lang, 1916, p. 89; genotype, P. constrata Lang, 1916, 

 p. 89. Phractopora is preoccupied by Hall, 1883, p. 154; geno- 

 type, P. cristata Hall, 1883, p. 154. I am indebted to Dr. R. S. 

 Bassler for pointing this out to me. 



