The Lenham Sandstones of Kent. 263 



determinations. Their results suggested an Eocene horizon, because 

 among the fossils was identified a Phorus like P. agglutinans, Cyrena 

 curie if or mis, and a small JSfucula like N. minor. 



Bristow 1 supported the Eocene age theory for the Paddles-worth 

 ferruginous sands, which are unfossiliferous, and suggested that they 

 belonged to the Woolwich and Reading series. In a postscript to 

 this paper we are informed that the palaeontologist W. H. Baily had 

 examined Lenham fossils and pronounced them to be of London Clay 

 origin. 



In a later paper Von Koenen 2 regarded the ferruginous sandstones 

 of Kent as corresponding with the Red Crag on account of the 

 presence more particularly of Area lactea, Scalaria foliaeea, Emarginula 

 jtssura, and Terebratula grandis. 



Writing on the " Box-stones'-' of East Anglia, Sir Ray Lankester 3 

 thought it very probable they were of the same age as the Lenham 

 Sandstones; the former he considered as belonging to the Diestian 

 series of Belgium, and approximately equivalent to the so-called 

 Black Crag of Antwerp. The Belgian geologist Mourlon i next 

 recognized that the " Sables de Diest " occurred on the North Downs 

 of Kent, between Eolkestone and Dorking, Paddlesworth, and 

 Lenham near Maidstone, as first indicated by Prestwich and Lyell. 

 Messrs. Cogels and 0. Van Ertborn 5 alluded to Lyell' s statement as 

 to the abundant occurrence of Terebratula grandis in the ironstones 

 of the North Downs, which was also found in the Diestian beds of 

 Belgium, this horizon being considered of Lower Pliocene age and 

 not Miocene as understood by Lyell. 



A great advance in our knowledge of the Lenham deposits was next 

 made by Mr. Clement lleid, 6 who regarded the beds as Older Pliocene 

 of Coralline Crag age, and equivalent to the Lower Crag or Diestian 

 of Belgium. He recognized that the St. Erth Beds were of similar 

 age and not newer. Speaking of the Lenham Mollusca, he stated that 

 Area diluvii was new to England, and that Pleurotoma consobrina (?) 

 and P. jouanneti (?) were species belonging to the Upper Miocene of 

 the Continent. His list of determinations, endorsed by Messrs. Shar- 

 man and E. T. Newton, included 16 Gastropods, 21 Pelecypods, and 

 1 Brachiopod. 



Eour years later fuller particulars of the Lenham deposits were 

 published by the same author 7 in a memoir on the British Pliocenes. 

 They were alluded to as occurring in pipes of the Chalk formation, 



1 "Note on supposed Eemains of the Crag on the North Downs near 

 Folkestone" : Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxii, p. 553, 1866. 



2 " On the Belgian Tertiaries " : Geol. Mag., 1867, p. 502. 



3 "Contributions to a Knowledge of the Newer Tertiaries of Suffolk and 

 their Fauna": Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxvi, pi. xxxiv, figs. 5-10, 

 p. 499, 1870. 



4 Geologic de la Belgique, vol. i, p. 268, 1880. 



5 "Contribution a l'Etude des Terrains Tertiaires de la Belgique": Bull. 

 Soc. B. Mai. Belgique, vol. xvii, pp. xliii-xlv, 1882. 



6 " The Pliocene Deposits of North- Western Europe " : Nature, vol. xxxiv, 

 pp. 341-3, 1886. 



7 The Pliocene Deposits of Britain — Lenham Beds {Diestian) (Mem. Geol. 

 Surv.), 1890, pp. 2, 42-58, etc. 



