from, New Zealand. 341 



Zealand or of the South American Cordillera. This connexion 

 probably included a portion of the present continent of Antarctica. 



In contrast to the large number of forms common to South 

 America and Seymour Island the slightness of the connexion with the 

 Australian Upper Cretaceous is shown by the presence of only one 

 Australian Gasteropod, Natica (Euspira) variabilis. This seems to be 

 the sole connecting link in the mollu^can fauna with the much 

 neai"er continent of Australia. Eight species out of fifteen seem to 

 be confined to New Zealand. The Upper Cretaceous of New 

 Caledonia is yet very little known, but according to Haug 

 Kossmaticeras Bhavani, of the Aryalour group of India, has been 

 found, and so it is possible that some forms at present thought to be 

 restricted to New Zealand may occur there. 



I am indebted to Dr. A. Smith Woodward for the following notes 

 on some fish-scales discovered with the Cretaceous fossils described 

 above: — 



" The largest scales are evidently referable to Berycoid fishes. 

 They are much deeper than broad, with a relatively small and 

 somewhat thickened exposed sector. The best-preserved specimen 

 is shown of the natural size in PI. XXI, Fig. lla, with a portion 

 enlarged four times in Fig. lib. Its extensive covered area is 

 marked by the very fine and numerous concentric lines of growth, 

 which tend to subdivide into minute granules near the edge of the 

 exposed area (Fig. lib). It is also slightly impressed with a few 

 grooves which radiate forwards and produce a waviness in the 

 concentric lines of growth where they cross them. The small 

 thickened exposed area of the scale is ornamented with comparatively 

 large and rounded radiating ridges, which are feebly marked for the 

 greater part of their extent, but become raised into irregular 

 elongated tubercles near the anterior overlapped margin (Fig. 11 b). 

 The free posterior border of the scale is somewhat obscured by 

 matrix, but does not appear to have been sharply serrated. Part of 

 an apparently similar scale is clearly only wavy, not serrated, at the 

 posterior border. 



"A smaller scale, more incompletely preserved, is shown of three- 

 halves the natural size in PI. XXI, Fig. 12a, with a fragment of its 

 exposed area enlarged four times in Fig. 12b. The tissue is a little 

 disintegrated, but it displays the very fine concentric lines of growth 

 and the few radiating grooves in its covered area; while the hinder 

 border of its comparatively smooth exposed area bears coarse sharp 

 serrations and pectinations impressed again by the fine concentric 

 lines of growth. The imprint of the inner face of the scale seems to 

 show traces of the irregular tuberculation which has already been 

 noticed on the inner face of the scales of the Berycoid Hoplopteryx. 



" Another well-preserved fish-scale, shown of twice the natural 

 size in PI. XXI, Fig. 13, may be regarded as belonging to an 

 Elopine Clupeoid. Its large covered area, displaying extremely fine 

 concentric lines of growth, is crossed by numerous sharp radiating 

 grooves which have become clefts by crushing. Its denser exposed 

 area is nearly smooth, but bears faint traces of a few radiating lines. 



