496 Rev, M. Frater — Volcanic Eruption, Ambry m Island. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXXII. 

 (All figures x 12 diams.) 

 Fig. 1. Cribrilina transiens. Uintacrinus band. Brighton. 



Brougkton, Hants. 

 ,,2. ,, T-formis. Subzone of abundant Offaster pilula. 



,,3. ,, ,, Subzone of E. scutatus var. depressus. 



Eottingdean, Sussex. 

 ,, 4,5. Cribrilina Bramfordensis. Zone (restricted) of A., quadratus. 



Bramford, Suffolk. 

 ,, 6. Membraniporella subcastrum. Subzone of E. scutatus var. depressus. 



Eottingdean. 

 ,,7. ,, castrum. Trirningham. 



,,8. ,, Gabina. Zone (restricted) of A. quadratus. 



Freshwater, Isle of Wight. 

 ,, 9. Cribrilina repleta. Zone of M. cor-anguinum. Soberton, Hants. 



III.— The Yolcanic Eruption of 1913 on Ambrym: Island, New 



Hebrides. 



By Bev. M. Frater. 



(Communicated by Professor J. W. GREGORY, D.Sc, F.K.S.) 1 



rpHE New Hebrides group of islands was first fully made known 

 JL to Europe by Captain Cook, who in the year 1774 spent 

 forty-six days among them. Situated in the Southern Pacific, about 

 1,400 miles N.E. of Sydney, the total number of islands is nearly 

 eighty, the largest of which has a coastline of 200 miles. The islands 

 are mainly of volcanic origin and lie in a direction from S.S.E. to 

 N.N.W. Volcanic action is almost exactly in the direction of the 

 group of islands, and a line drawn from the volcano of Tanna in the 

 south to the volcano of Tinakula in the north, a distance of 600 miles, 

 would pass through the volcanoes of Lopevi, Ambrym, Ureparapara, 

 and the boiling springs of Vanua Levu. 



The line of volcanic activity which stretches across the Pacific 

 Ocean runs through the New Hebrides Islands. Entering the 

 Pacific from the direction of Java, the volcanic belt passes through 

 Timor and extends to the large island of New Guinea, where it 

 bifurcates. New Guinea seems to be a central focus from which 

 the lines of fissure girding the Pacific radiate ; one line goes 

 northwards through Formosa and Japan, and the other southwards 

 through the Solomon Islands, New Hebrides, New Zealand to 

 Mount Erebus in the Antarctic Ocean. 



1 [The MS. of this paper was left with me by the Bev. M. Frater on his 

 return to the New Hebrides for publication with some supplementary notes 

 on the eruption after the arrival of his collection. The specimens have 

 been kindly sent me by Admiral Parry, the Hydrographer of the Admiralty, 

 and some account of them will be included in the Beport on the Eruption to be 

 published by his Department. This publication, however, may not be issued 

 until the end of the War. Hence, it seems advisable to publish Mr. Frater's 

 interesting account of the eruption without further delay. Mr. Frater acted as 

 guide and interpreter to Commander Hancock during the resurvey of Ambrym 

 after the eruption. — J. W. G.] 



[The geological and petrological description of the Ambrym eruptions, by 

 Professor J. W. Gregory, will appear in the December Number, with a Map of 

 the Island. — Edit. Geol. Mag.] 



