540 Dr. Arthur Smith Woodward — 



Chapman (F.). 1905. " Notes on the older Tertiary Foraminiferal Rocks on 



the West Coast of Santo, New Hebrides " : Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, 



vol. xxx, pp. 261-74, pis. v-viii. 

 Frederick (Lieut. G. C). " Geological Notes on certain Islands in the New 



Hebrides " : Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xlix, pp. 227-9. Appendix I, 



" Volcanic Rocks from the New Hebrides," by J. J. H. Teall, pp. 229-30. 



Appendix II, " The Microscopic Structure of some of the Organic Rocks 



from the New Hebrides," by G. J. Hinde, pp. 230-1. 

 Iddings (J. P.). 1913. Igneous Rocks, vol. ii : xi, 685 pp. 

 Koto (B.). 1916. 1. " Characteristics of the Eruption of Sakura-jima in 



1914": Journ. Geol. Soc. Tokyo, vol. xxiii, No. 278, pp. 181-204; 



No. 279, pp. 205-26. 2. " The Great Eruption of Sakura-jima in 1914 " : 



Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, vol. xxxvii, pt. iii, pp. 237, 24 pis. 

 LACROIX (A.). 1914. " La recente eruption d'Ambrym (decembre, 1913), et 



la constitution des laves de ce volcan " : C.R. Acad. Sci., vol. clix, 



pp. 489-95. 

 Liversidge (A.). 1887. "On the Composition of some Pumice and Lava 



from the Pacific": Journ. Roy. Soc. N.S. Wales, vol. xx, pp. 235-9 



(read December, 1886). 

 Marshall (P.). 1915. ' ' The recent Volcanic Eruptions on Ambrym Island ' ' : 



Trans. New Zealand Inst., vol. xlvii, pp. 387-91. 

 Mawson (D.). 1905. "The Geology of the New Hebrides": Proc. Linn. 



Soc. N.S. Wales, vol. xxx, pp. 400-85, pis. xiv-xxix. 

 Purey-Cust (H. E.). 1896. 1. Report on the Eruption of Ambrym Island, 



Neiv Hebrides, S.W. Pacific, October and November, 1894, Hydrographic 



Department, Admiralty, 2 maps, 5 pis. 2. "The Eruption of Ambrym 



Island, New Hebrides, S.W. Pacific, 1894": Geogr. Journ., vol. viii, 



pp. 585-602, map opposite p. 656. 

 Pacific Islands. 1908. Vol. ii, 4th ed.: xxiv, 463 pp. 



II. — Thk so-called Coprolites of Ichthyosaurians and 

 Labyrinthodonts. 



By Arthur Smith Woodward, LL.D., F.R.S. 



(PLATE XXXIV.) 



IT appears to be still generally supposed that trie Ichthyosaurians 

 differed from all modern reptiles in having; a short intestine with 

 a spiral valve, like that of the more generalized fishes; and the 

 supposition is rendered all the more plausible by the common belief 

 that some at least of the Labyrinthodonts were similarly characterized. 

 In each case.it is true, copi'olites or masses of partially digested food, 

 marked with the line of an intestinal spiral valve, are often found 

 in the same strata as the skeletons ; but, so far as I have been able to 

 discover, no instance is known in which the spirally-marked coprolite 

 actually occurs in its natural position in the fossilized animal. 



When Buckland first recognized the nature of coprolites he observed 

 that the spiral form resembled that of the intestinal contents of 

 a shark or skate 1 ; but those of the shape in question occurred so 

 abundantly with the skeletons of marine reptiles in the Lower Lias 

 of Lyme Hegis, that he felt no hesitation in referring them to the 

 latter. In fact, he wrote: " The certainty of the origin I am now 

 assigning to these Coprolites is established by their frequent 



1 W. Buckland, "On the Discovery of Coprolites, or Fossil Faeces, in the 

 Lias at Lyme Regis and in other Formations " : Trans. Geol. Soc. [2], vol. iii, 

 pp. 223-36, pis. xxviii-xxxi, 1829. 



