733 THE JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY. 



many is correlated with the "lower" till of Britain (second glacial, but 

 first Pleistocene glacial epoch). The "upper" till of Central Germany 

 (south of the Baltic ridge) is separated from the "lower" by beds con- 

 taining the remains of a temperate fauna and flora. For the distinct- 

 ness of the epochs of these two sheets of drift, the evidence is certainly 

 strong. The "upper" till is correlated with the drift of the second 

 Pleistocene mer de glace of Britain. 



The great Baltic ridge of North Germany is regarded as a huge 

 terminal moraine, on the outer part of which are the End-morane or 

 Geschiebewalle of the Germans. This moraine is looked upon as the 

 southern margin of a sheet of drift which overlies the "upper" till of 

 Central Germany. Some of the fossil beds of North Germany are 

 believed to lie between this third sheet of drift and the second, the 

 second being the equivalent of the "upper" till of the region south of 

 the Baltic ridge. 



The "lower" till of Schleswig within the Baltic ridge, is thought 

 to correspond with the "upper" till of Middle and Western Germany. 

 This implies that the direction of movement during the time of the 

 great Baltic glacier, was notably different from that during the produc- 

 tion of the " upper " till of Middle Germany. Furthermore, the so-called 

 " lower " till of Schleswig is known to be underlain by a still lower 

 till separated from it by fossil beds indicating a temperate climate. 

 It is therefore concluded that the till of Schleswig is referable to three 

 distinct epochs. The basis for the reference of the drift sheet limited 

 on the south by the Baltic ridge to a separate epoch — the fourth — is 

 threefold: (i) The fossil beds between it and the next lower drift- 

 sheet ; (2) the change of level which these fossil beds imply ; and (3) 

 the differences in direction of movement. The drift which is limited 

 by the Baltic ridge in Germany is correlated with the epoch of the 

 "district" glaciers in Scotland. 



Evidence for a fifth glacial epoch, that is, an epoch later than that 

 of the great Baltic glacier, has not heretofore been recognized in 

 Scandinavia. The mountain valley moraines of that peninsula have 

 been regarded as moraines of recession. From this conclusion Pro- 

 fessor Geikie is inclined to dissent. He is disposed to think that these 

 moraines may represent a minor ice epoch or ice epochs, correspond- 

 ing with the latest epochs of Scotland. 



It is interesting to note, though too much weight must not be 

 attached to the analogy, that the outermost border of the drift in 



