Q74 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE, ETC. 
It will be understood that the balance of 3 ft. 6 in. required to make up the total of 
16 ft. referred to above had previously been takén away by Pengelly and MacEnery. 
‘ There does not seem to be any certainty that the impersistent layer of Stalagmite 
represents the true Middle or Crystalline Stalagmite floor, associated with a fauna 
of Cave Bear; but this is probably the case, as it occupies the same position between 
the Cave Earth and the Staddon Grit. This latter is here, as in some other chambers, 
quite loose and entirely unbrecciated, and, as is always the case when it occurs in its 
incoherent form, it is almost barren of fauna; whereas the true breccia contained a 
plentiful fauna of Cave Bear, with occasional Cave-Lion, Fox, and Deer. This dis- 
tinction is worthy of notice by readers who may refer to Pengelly’s Reports to the 
British Association, as this excavator uses the term Breccia to cover both the 
brecciated and the incoherent, the prolific and the barren deposits, without distinction, 
and turns from the one to the other without noting any change in the deposits or in 
the levels. 
‘The animal remains recovered this season numbered some 220, of which 200 
came from a disturbed deposit of Cave Earth. About twenty came from the Staddon 
Grit, and of these all but two teeth of Cave-Bear belong to the fauna of the Cave 
Earth. It therefore seems possible that the impersistency of the thin layer of 
Stalagmite in part separating the two strata had permitted a mixture of the upper 
portion of the Grit with the Cave Earth, and that this had probably occurred at the 
time when the layer of stalagmite was broken up—very possibly by floods introducing 
the earliest deposits of Cave Earth. 
“No human remains or artefacts have been found this season.’ 
The Committee has also received from Mr. H. C. Dowie, after consultation on 
the spot with Prof. A. S, Barnes, the suggestion that ‘ although we have represented 
at Kent’s Cavern the Chelles, Le moustier, Middle and Upper Aurignac and Solutré, 
and also something that we may call Final Magdalenian, yet the number of flints 
found, over some twenty years of digging, is extraordinarily small. Finds might be 
abundant if we could examine the original or Paleolithic talus running down to the 
valley from the entrances. This work might best be started from the inside at the 
level of one of the Low Level Entrances, and not from the outer edge of the Tip. 
At La Cave in the Dordogne, the cave itself delivered very few flints, but a trench 
about four feet deep down the talus in front of the cave yielded 22,000 flints.’ 
The Committee asks to be re-appointed, with a further grant, and authority to 
raise funds from other sources. 
Derbyshire Caves.—Interim Report of Committee (Mr. M. C. Burxrrv, 
Chairman ; Mr. G. A. Garrirt, Secretary ; Mr. A. Lestis ARMSTRONG, 
Prof. P. G. H. Boswett, Dr. R. V. Fave.t, Prof. H. J. FLzure, Miss 
D. A. E. Garrop, Dr. A. C. Happon, Dr. J. Wmrrip Jackson, Dr. 
L. 8. Patmer, Prof. F. G. Parsons, Mr. H. J. E. Peak) appointed to 
co-operate with a Committee of the Royal Anthropological Institute in 
the Exploration of Caves in the Derbyshire District. 
Creswell.—Mr. A. Leslie Armstrong, F.S.A., reports that since the presentation of 
the last report, his work in the Pin Hole Cave has been steadily carried on and con- 
tinues to yield valuable scientific results. The excavation of the large inner chamber 
is now in progress at a depth of 13 feet beneath the floor level prior to excavation, 
and the work in the passage on the eastern side of the chamber has been advanced 
to a distance of 20 feet from its entrance. The actual occupation of this passage by 
man ceased during middle Mousterian times and it appears to have been almost 
entirely filled by debris and the deposit partially sealed by crystalline stalagmite 
during the cold period which separated the middle and upper Mousterian zones. 
Near the entrance to the passage a number of charred and split animal bones and a 
typical side-scraper, of flint, were recovered from the shallow layer of cave earth 
lying upon the stalagmitic layer. These are believed to represent intrusions during 
the upper Mousterian occupation of the main chamber. Tools of bone, quartzite and 
flint have been recovered from the main deposit of the passage, of middle Mousterian 
age, and also two further examples of hyena phalanges perforated for suspension, 
similar to those found in the main chamber in 1930. In addition to these, two 
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