254 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE, ETC. 
The Committee prefers to wait until it has heard the discussion on these 
three papers before it makes any definite recommendation as to further 
work which should be undertaken. 
DERBYSHIRE CAVES. 
Twelfth Interim Report of Committee appointed to co-operate with a 
Committee of the Royal Anthropological Institute in the exploration of 
caves in the Derbyshire district (Mr. M. C. Burkitt, Chairman ; 
Dr. R. V. Favei1, Secretary ; Mr. A. LEsLie ARMSTRONG, Prof. H. J. 
FLevureE, Miss D. A. E. Garron, Dr. J. WILFRID pees © Prof. L.S. 
PALMER, Mr. H. J. E. PEaKe). 
No new excavation work has been undertaken by the Committee during 
the current year, but the excavation of the Pin Hole Cave, Creswell Crags, 
has been steadily advanced by Mr. Leslie Armstrong, F.S.A., and it is 
anticipated that this work will be completed during the coming autumn. 
The following reports have been submitted. 
REPORT ON EXCAVATIONS IN THE PIN HOLE Cave, CRESWELL CRAGsS. 
By A. Lrs_1E ARMSTRONG, F.S.A. 
Subsequently to the presentation of my last report, the section in the rear 
of the main chamber, then under examination, .was completely excavated 
to the base level just prior to the Leicester Meeting of the Association, 
thereby enabling the complete stratification of the cave deposits, 17 ft. 
in thickness, to be exposed for examination by Section H during the visit 
to the cave on September 9, 1933. After inspecting the section the Chair- 
man and members of the Committee present agreed that the excavation 
of a further portion of the rear passage was desirable before closing down 
the work, and that ultimately a typical section of the deposits, similar to 
that exposed on this occasion, should be permanently preserved. |The 
examination of an additional 15 ft. was therefore commenced during 
October 1933, and, at the time of writing, one-third of this length has 
been excavated to the base level, a total depth of 18 ft. ; a further one-third 
down to the 12-ft. level ; and the remainder to the depth of 6 ft. ‘Though 
the width of this portion of the cave nowhere exceeds 5 ft., and in places is 
only 2 ft., progress has been slow and the work somewhat laborious: on 
account of the layer of hard crystalline stalagmite, 9 in. to 12 in. in thickness, 
which crowned the deposit, and the numerous slabs and masses of fallen 
limestone which were cemented into it. Jumbled rocks, of large size, 
have also been unusually numerous within the cave earth and, in places, 
completely blocked the passage. ‘The stratification, however, has been 
well defined throughout, and the two layers of fallen slabs which through- 
out the cave have so consistently separated the Mousterian (1) and (2) and 
Mousterian (2) and (3) levels have been equally well marked in this portion 
also. Having regard to the fact that the presence of so many fallen blocks 
must have always rendered this part of the cave unsuitable for occupation, 
it was anticipated that artifacts would be few, but that the chance of dis- 
covering human remains was promising. Unfortunately, the latter has not 
been realised, but artifacts, in all levels, have been more numerous than 
was expected. A cavity in the upper surface of the stalagmite, filled with 
slightly brecciated black earth, yielded pins of medieval type and a small 
Saxon brooch, in bronze, of cruciform pattern. A sherd of Iron Age 
