266 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE, ETC. 
aim at increasing the saturation of the test with the manual factor by in- 
creasing the number of repetitions of the operation possible within a given 
time, and at simplifying the administration of the test and reducing random 
errors. 
(3) Paper-folding tests.—Two new tests of the paper-folding and cutting 
type have been devised with a view to the further analysis of the mechanical 
factor, and the possible provision of a more direct method of measuring it. 
(c) Collection of further data.—The new tests have been given to the top 
two classes of a boys’ elementary school, and six forms of a junior technical 
school. These subjects have taken, in addition, the ‘ inventive’ forms of 
the mechanical aptitude tests, and four of the routine manual assembling 
tests which were employed in the work reported last year; also tests of 
general intelligence. 
The statistical analysis of these very extensive data is still in progress. 
Reliability coefficients have now been calculated for most of the tests, and 
indicate high reliability. This, and the keenness shown by the boys in 
doing the tests, suggests their suitability as tests of specific ability. The 
necessary inter-correlational studies for determining how far the factors 
in these new tests are the same as those found in the data formerly collected, 
and how far they may be ‘ saturated ” with such factors, are still in progress. 
From the point of view of scoring, and ease of administering, the new tests 
are a very great improvement over the older ones. 
III]. Future Work. 
It will be evident from Part II of this report that the most pressing thing 
now is to complete the analysis of the data that have been collected during 
the past year. The results thereby obtained may be expected to shed 
important light on the practical measurement of the ‘ mechanical’ and the 
“manual ’ factors. It may also extend our knowledge of these factors, 
and possibly disclose other important vocational ‘ abilities ’ associated with 
the new ‘ mechanical’ and ‘ manual’ tests, as well as throw light on the 
general principles of test construction. 
When this aspect of the work is completed, there are many other fruitful 
lines of research opened up by the results reported by this Committee last 
year. In particular, the extension of the methods of training employed in 
the ‘ training’ experiment would appear to lend themselves to valuable 
extension to many other forms of manual skill. 
It is hoped that the Association will render the continuance of this work 
possible by renewing, and if possible increasing, its financial grant. 
ANATOMY OF 'TIMBER-PRODUCING TREES. 
Report of Committee on the Anatomy of Timber-producing Trees (Prof. H.S. 
Hoven, Chairman ; Dr. HELEN Bancrort, Secretary ; Prof. J. H. 
PrigsTLeY, D.S.O.). 
Two papers on the structure of the monotoid timbers—‘ The wood anatomy 
of representative members of the Monotoidex’ and ‘ New material of 
Monotes Kerstingit Gilg from the Gold Coast "—have been completed and 
accepted for publication in the American Journal of Botany and the Kew 
Bulletin, respectively. 
