SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS .—G. 34:7 
Mr. F. S. ANDERSON.—Granite and granite quarrying (12.15). 
Nowhere in the whole of Great Britain is there such a large granite area 
as in North-east Scotland, and Aberdeen has been regarded as the chief 
centre of the granite trade in this country for over two centuries. Systematic 
quarrying was first started in this area about 1720, but until the end of the 
eighteenth century the methods of quarrying and hewing the rock were 
very crude indeed. In Aberdeenshire quarries the quality of the rock 
improves with the depth, and the best rock is found in masses separated 
from each other by bars of inferior material. "The paper gives a brief 
history of the development of the granite industry, and an outline of the 
method of quarrying, manipulating, crushing and screening granite at 
Rubislaw Quarry, which, opened 159 years ago, is now 370 ft. deep. 
Granite is the most durable rock substance quarried and worked by man. 
Its uses and purposes are numerous and varied, and the author discusses 
those purposes for which the durability, strength and beauty of granite 
make it pre-eminently suitable. 
AFTERNOON. 
Visit to Rubislaw Quarry. 
Friday, September 7. 
Mr. R. W. ALLEN, C.B.E.—The application of Diesel engines to trawlers 
and their operating gear (10.0). 
The British fishing industry has encountered difficult times in recent 
years. ‘The fishing grounds round Great Britain have been overfished, 
and there has been greatly increased competition from subsidised foreign 
fishing fleets. ‘Tariffs and other manifestations of the trend towards national 
self-sufficiency have added to the difficulties of the industry. 
It has been evident for some time that greater radius of action, and in- 
creased speed to and from the fishing grounds, at least so far as the larger 
vessels are concerned, are essential if there is to be a renewal of prosperity 
in the industry. The Diesel trawler meets these and other requirements 
of propulsion and winch operation very satisfactorily. 
In this paper the lines along which Diesel trawler development has 
already taken place, and is likely to continue in the near future, are discussed 
and summarised. ‘The various types and sizes of trawlers are dealt with 
broadly under four headings, the characteristics and requirements peculiar 
to each class being examined from the point of view of Diesel propulsion. 
The probability that speed-reduction gear will be adopted in future, per- 
mitting a high engine speed with a relatively slow propeller speed, is dis- 
cussed ; whilst reference is also made to the possibilities of Diesel-electric 
development for large trawlers. 
Prof. C. H. Lanner, C.B.E., and Dr. E. W. Smitu, C.B.E—The collection 
and distribution of gas in bulk (11.0). 
Distributory systems developed in other countries. Distributory systems 
within the gas industry in more highly populated areas in Great Britain, 
including London, Birmingham, South Yorkshire and Manchester. Facts 
influencing cost of distribution. Engineering problems. High- versus 
low-pressure. Zoning of gas distributory systems in highly populated 
areas. Influence of location on demand vis-a-vis sources of coal, with 
