586 CVS Ai) OLM AR 
4. Effect of variation of pressure and temperature postulated by Dr. 
Arrhenius. (a) Upon bicarbonate in the waters of the temper- 
ate zone. (4) Upon bicarbonates in equatorial waters. (c) 
Upon bicarbonates in colder waters. 
5. Changes in volume of the belts due to cold water advancing 
southward. 
6. Conclusions. 
Tus subject has come to have special importance on account 
of the investigations of Professor Arrhenius* and Dr. Chamberlin,? 
on the effects of the atmospheric CO, upon the climate of the 
earth. Some of the earlier important contributions on the sub- 
ject are as follows: 
Tyndall calculated from his experiments that the absorption 
of radiant heat by atmospheric CQO, is eighty times that of the 
oxygen or nitrogen, and that water vapor has an absorbing 
capacity of ninety-two times that of oxygen or nitrogen.3 
By repeating and extending Tyndall’s experiments, Dr. 
Lecher and his colleague, Pretner, concluded that carbon dioxide 
is the only agent in absorbing the sun's heat, and maintaining 
the earth’s temperature above that of space.4 
Mr. J. S. Keeler criticised the above and stated that the heat 
is absorbed by carbon dioxide and some other agent; either 
water vapor or matter in suspension.’ 
Professor Réntgen showed that water vapor has a marked 
absorption band in the ultra red and, therefore, plays an important 
part in maintaining the present surface temperature of the earth.® 
Paschen demonstrated that both these gases play important 
parts in the atmosphere’s heat absorption, and that sometimes 
one, and sometimes the other is the predominant factor.’ 
Phil. Mag... Vola XWiippy237—270: 
2Jour. GEOL., Vol. V, 1897, pp. 663-683. Also this No., pp. 545-584. 
3 Introduction of Chemical and Geological Essays, T. S. Hunt. 
4Sitzungsberichte des Akad. der Wissenschaften d. Wien (2) Vol. LXXXII, p. 
851 (2) Vol. LXXXVI, p. 52. 
5 Am. Jour. Sci. (3) Vol. XXVIII, p. 190. 
° Poggendorf’s Annalen (2) Vol. XXIII, p. 1259. 
7 Phil Mag., S. 5, Vol. XLI, No. 251, April 1896, p. 239. 
