CARBON DIOXIDE OF THE OCEAN 593 
Of the former, those found in the ocean are nitrogen, oxy- 
gen, argon, etc., and of the latter, none are found in appreciable 
quantities, but we may take ammonia as a good example. This 
last unites with water to form NH,OH which compound is 
known to exist as such... The behavior of carbon dioxide 
towards water places it between these two classes. It unites 
with water to form H,CO,. This acid has never been sepa- 
rated as such, but doubtless exists.2 This action does not give 
such a large coefficient of solubility as is characteristic of the 
gases of the second class. 
The solution, then, of oxygen, hydrogen and argon, etc., is 
simple diffusion due to the attraction between the molecules of 
the solvent and those of the gas, while the solution of CO, 
in pure water includes (1) a diffusion of the gas molecules 
between water molecules and (2) a chemical reaction between 
the gas and water molecules to form carbonic acid. 
Bunsen 3 has determined the solubility of the carbon dioxide 
for different temperatures as follows : 
Solubilityrot CO lun i-Oy71 vol. TO at fdeorees and, 760 
mm. pressure dissolves V vols. CO, cas reduced to o ©. and 
700 =: pressure: 
toc, V. tC V7, t7 C; V. 
fe) 1.7967 7 1.3339 14 1.0321 
I 1.7207 8 1.2809 15 1.0020 
2 1.6481 9 We2 su 1 16 0.9753 
3 1.5787 Io 1.1847 U7 0.9519 
4 1.5126 TE Li1416 : 18 0.9318 
5 1.4497 12 1.1018 19 0.9150. 
6 1.3901 13 1.0653 20 0.9014 
In the above table the solubility is determined for pure CO, 
unmixed with other gases under 760™™ pressure. For low 
pressures the solution of the gas is proportional to the pressure 
or the partial pressure of the CO, . 
™PROFESSOR MALLET, Am. Chem. Jour., Vol. XIX, pp. 804-809. 
? DAMMER, Anorg. Chem. II, 1, p. 871. 
BUNSEN’s Gasometry, pp. 287, 128, 152. 
