598 CYRUS F. TOLMAN 
4) - - - - - - = CaGly 
ye - - - - - - Ke Gl 
6) - . - - - - - MgSO, 
Tie ic = “ - = = = Na.CO; 
8) - - - : - : - NaBr 
9) - - - - - : - CaSO7 
10) - - - - - - GSO) 
In) - - - - - - MgCO,; 
12) - - : : - 2 - MgBr, 
13) - = - - - - = CaCO; 
14) - - - - - - BK COn 
15) - - 2 - - - - CaBr, 
16) - - - - - - = KBr, 
If we examine the following table of Kohlrausch for K Cl 
and apply it to all the salts of the ocean, comparing the 
strengths of the oceanic solutions with the strengths of the K Cl 
solutions given in the table, we can form an approximate idea of 
the proportions of the molecular or undissociated salts to their 
respective free ions.’ 
Per cent. 
dissociated 
N. molecules 
I - - - = = = 75 
5 - - : . - - = agits) 
aI - - - - - - - .86 
,oI - - - - - - - BY Loy 
.OO1 - - - - - - - .98 
.OOOT - - - - - - = = 500 
Under N is the strength of the solution where the normal 
solution is taken as unity. 
From the above table and the one on p. 597 we conclude that 
somewhere about 80 per cent. of the sodium chloride is disso- 
ciated into its ions. We cannot judge so well about the sodium 
sulphate or magnesium chloride, but they also have some con- 
siderable amount of molecular salt, possibly more than of the 
sodium chloride. The potassium chloride is somewhere around 
90 per cent. dissociated, and the potassium bromide, the last of 
the series, is practically completely dissociated. 
The ocean gases—TVhe gases found dissolved in the ocean 
* NERNST: Theo. Chem., p. 314. 
