618 CYRUS F. TOLMAN 
temperature from 5° to 0° would only produce an increase in the 
solubility of the gas of 24 per cent., and from 20° to 15° of 14 
per cent., and so, under such conditions, an excess Of 14 stort 
per cent. of all the CO, in the ocean would have to be removed 
and consumed before a cold period could be inaugurated. 
Although future investigations may cause a modification of 
Dr. Arrhenius’ estimate, and such a change will affect some of 
these conclusions, the principles on which they are based will 
not be affected. If it be found that on account of certain 
intensifying agencies, or for other reasons, it is not necessary to 
postulate so large a decrease of the CO, of the atmosphere, or if 
this decrease is accompanied with a greater fall of temperature 
than 5°, then the depleting effect of the ocean will become more 
marked. If, however, the estimated decrease of the atmospheric 
CO, is too small, the intensive effects may be lessened, but 
probably not completely destroyed. 
Cyrus F. ToLman, Jr. 
