24 Kennard ^ Warren — Blown Sands, etc., Toican Head. 



it is of smaller extent. At this spot there is a particularly clear 

 section of the Holocene blown sands and upper part of the Head. 

 The latter is seen to gradually lose its distinctive character towards 

 the top, and to pass almost insensibly into the blown sand above. 

 Along the line of junction, through a thickness of about nine inches, 

 land shells were fairly abundant; those collected are given in 

 column I. 



The bed in which these (column I) occurred was a loamy sand, 

 intermediate alike in position and character between the Head and 

 the blown sand above. They are consequently on a somewhat 

 higher horizon than those in column 13. It is worthy of note that 

 the proportion of pure woodland forms is also less, while those that 

 can accommodate themselves to sand dunes also are more abundant. 



A few feet above this bed, in the lower part of the sand, and on 

 about the same level as the kitchen -midden, a few shells were 

 collected ; they are shown in column J. 



To the east of the Headland Hotel there are well characterized 

 dunes of recent blown sand. These are almost the last stragglers 

 in this direction of the great dunes of Fistral Bay. A small section 

 in one of these showed one of the familiar layers of Mytili ; a few of 

 these were collected, together with some of the characteristic sand- 

 dune forms; they are given in column K. 



In the last column of the Table of Fauna is a list of species from 

 various situations at Towan Head. The pure woodland and chiefly 

 woodland forms were mostly taken along the line of junction 

 between the Head and the Holocene blown sand, but in places 

 where the sections were not quite clear. This list includes two 

 species not recorded elsewhere in the Table. 



With more prolonged work upon these beds the list of species 

 could undoubtedly be extended, but the conclusions based upon the 

 nature of the dominant species would not thereby be affected. 



Age and Mode of Formation of the Deposits. 



With regard to the precise age of the sands immediately above 

 the Head there is no definite evidence. So much as is available has 

 already been mentioned — the pottery (column A of the Table), 

 which is very probably Neolithic, the flint, which may possibly be 

 of the same age, and the kitchen-middens. Neither is there any 

 evidence at present as to the age of the kitchen -middens, and 

 opportunities for a thorough investigation were wanting. Kitchen- 

 middens have previously been found in the neighbourhood of 

 Newquay, and there are the important discoveries at Constantine 

 and at Harlyn Bay,' which are sufficient to stimulate further search 

 on the archseological side. 



In reference to the mode of formation of these deposits, one 

 notices that in the passage from Pleistocene blown sand to Head, 

 and again from Head to Holocene blown sand, there is, as it were, 



1 C. Spence Bate: Trans. Devon Assoc, 1864, vol. i, pp. 138-139; Eeport 

 Brit. Assoc, 1864, p. 88. The Rev. R. Ashington BuUen: "Harlyn Bay and the 

 Discoveries of its Prehistoric Remains" ; London, 1902. 



