46 Obituary— The Rev. T. Wiltshire, D.Sc, F.G.S. 



foothills." These have hardly been explored, though roughly 

 mapped on geological maps of India as belonging to a "Transition 

 Series." The whole area is rich in minerals. The author gives a 

 brief description of various rocks, met with mainly in this third belt. 

 They include slates with vein quartz ; mica and graphite schists ; 

 dykes of dolerite; granites; clay-slates, sandstones, and schists, with 

 copper, lead, and tin ; limestones, serpentines, and hornblendic 

 rocks, with talc, steatite, etc. ; various schists, quartzites, and lime- 

 •stones. The summary of the author's observations leads him to 

 " suppose that there are at least three distinct limestone or calcareous 

 series in Kumaon and Garhwal, and that schists and quartzites, with 

 several isolated patches of granitic rock, form a large part of the 

 remaining formations." 



3. "Tin and Tourmaline." By Donald A. MacAlister, Esq., 

 F.G.S. 



Cassiterite hardly ever occurs without tourmaline, though ths 

 latter is found without the former ; hence it appears that tourmaline- 

 producing constituents and influences are of wider range than are 

 those of cassiterite. Boron-trioxide is an extremely common 

 accompaniment of volcanic action, and there can be no doubt that it 

 has acted powerfully in changing such original minerals as the 

 micaceous and felspathio ingredients of crystalline rocks. From 

 a comparison of formul83 representing tourmaline and felspar, it is 

 evident that the act of tourmalinization has been accompanied by 

 a loss of soda. The excess of this soda will combine with boric acid, 

 forming metahorate and pyroborate of soda. The former, acting on 

 disseminated tin-ore, might result in the pi-oduction of sodium- 

 metastannate and borax. The metastannate is soluble and capable 

 of being leached out of the magma, and, by a new reaction, tin-oxide 

 may be precipitated and concentrated, while sodium-metaborate may 

 be liberated. According to the cooling-curve of solutions, in all 

 probability deposition of the oxide of tin would take place more 

 rapidly at a certain stage in the process of cooling than at others. 



OBITTJ-A.S,3r. 



THE REV. THOMAS WILTSHIRE, M.A., D.Sc, F.L.S., 

 F.G.S. , F.R.A.S., 



Emeritus Professor of Geology, etc.. King's College, London. 



Born April 21, 1826. Died October 27, 1902. 



Thomas Wiltshire was born in the City of London 21st April, 

 1826, and was the son of Mr. Sampson Coysgarne Wiltshire and of 

 Sarah his wife {nee Sarah Goodchild). He was educated at home 

 by a private tutor, Mr. Burtt, and spent much of his spare time 

 when a boy, as well as his pocket-money, in technical pursuits, 

 being very skilful in all mechanical work and in the use of tools and 

 apparatus of all kinds. He afterwards commenced as a student at 



