160 Revieivs — Dr. Tempest Anderson — Volcanic Studies. 

 S, IB "V" I IE AAT e. 



I. — Volcanic Studies in Many Lanbs ; being reproductions of 

 photographs, by the Author, of above one hundred actual objects,. 

 with explanatory notices. By Tempest Anderson, M.D., 

 B.Sc. Lond., F.G.S., F.R.G.S., Fellow of University College, 

 London, Hon. Sec. Yorkshire Phil. See. 4to ; 202 pages, 

 105 plates. (London : John Murray, Albemarle Street, 1903.) 



PHOTOGrRAPHY has become, to a certain extent, the handmaid 

 of Science, and Geology especially is indebted to this delightful 

 art for many a faithful picture. The glacialists have long availed 

 themselves of this method of delineation, whilst the British 

 Association has shown its appreciation of the value of photography 

 in its application to geology by the appointment of a committee to 

 arrange for the collection, preservation, and systematic registration 

 of photographs of geological interest in the United Kingdom. Since 

 1889, when it was first constituted, this committee has collected 

 several thousand photographs, many of which are of the highest 

 value, and a selection from these is now in course of publication. 



It is not surprising, therefore, that Dr. Tempest Anderson, having 

 already acquired considerable skill in the art of photography, and 

 being, moreover, of a scientific turn of mind, should have chosen 

 to illustrate volcanic phenomena with the camera, as a method of 

 spending a physician's holiday at once useful and agreeable. 

 Vulcanology was more especially selected, as it had the advantage 

 of giving opportunities for exercise in the open air and frequently in 

 districts remote and picturesque. For the last eighteen years the 

 author has spent the greater part of his holidays in this fashion. 

 During that period, Vesuvius, Etna, the Lipari Islands, Auvergne, th& 

 Eifel, the Canaries, Iceland, British extinct volcanic regions, and 

 many localities on the western side of the North American continent 

 were visited. In delineating those phenomena he has chosen the 

 mechanical side of the subject, " the mode of formation of volcanic 

 cones and lava-streams : how the materials forming them got to 

 their present position, and remained there rather than elsewhere; 

 how they have afi'ected the other rocks with which they came in 

 contact, baking and hardening some, dissolving and removing others ; 

 in some cases by their superior hardness protecting the rocks over 

 which they have been deposited, while the surrounding parts have 

 been removed by denudation, so that what was once a molten stream 

 on the floor of a valley is now a bed of hard, perhaps columnar, 

 lava, capping a long hilltop, while in other cases the volcanic 

 beds themselves have suffered most from denudation ; how veins 

 and intrusive sills are sometimes harder than the rocks they traverse^ 

 and weather out into ' Giant Walls,' but in others are softer, and 

 become gullies and the beds of streams." 



The author has long been known as a demonstrator in vulcanology, 

 having commenced his public career before the British Association 

 at Aberdeen in 1885, when he read an illustrated paper on the 

 Volcanoes of the Auvergne. At the Bath Meeting in 1888 he read 



