Dr. A. 8. Woodward — L. Pliocene Bone-hed of Conciid. 203 



species of Trionyx or Emys, which lived in the Eocene marshes. 

 Others he thought might be casts of some Helicidee. 



Although we cannot show anything from the Creechbarrow Lime- 

 stone which exactly corresponds to the supposed eggs from the 

 Bembridge Limestone, yet a successful reconstruction of the larger 

 ' horseshoe ' pisolites from Creechbarrow might possibly produce 

 forms not unlike the ' eggs ' which attracted the attention of 

 Mr. Edwards. If this should prove to be the case, there may be 

 more similarity between the two limestones than has hitherto been 

 supposed. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE XL 



Fig. L — Gasteropod encysted in concretionary layers ; ? one of the Melaniadis. x 1 J. 

 2. — Section, approximately horizontal, of the ' horseshoe ' concretion. Nat. size. 

 3. — Section of the ' horseshoe ' concretion, drawn so as to show a portion of the 



outer wall. Nat. size. 

 4. — Egg-like body inside the ' horseshoe ' concretion, x 3. 

 5. — Gasteropod; ? one of the Melaniadee. Front aspect, x Ig. 

 6. — ^Vertical section of Gasteropod, probably the same species as sho^TO in 



Figs. 1 and 5. x IJ. 

 7. — Cf. Melanopsis brevis, Sowerby. Front aspect, x 1^. 

 8. — Section of a similar specimen, x IJ. 

 9. — Paludina cf. lenta, Solander. Front aspect, x \\. 



N.B. — Figs. 6 and 8 show the encrusting action to which most of these shells have 

 been subjected, and which tends to obscure their true character. 



III. — The Lower Pliocene Bone-bed of Concud, Province of 

 Teruel, Spain. 



By Akthue, Smith Woodward, LL.D., F.R.S., of the British Museimi. 



(PLATE XII.) 



FROM time immemorial a remarkable accumulation of bones in 

 the province of Teruel, Spain, has attracted attention. It is 

 especially conspicuous in the low range of hills near Concud, and the 

 people of that village seem to have generally regarded it as marking an 

 ancient battlefield. So long ago as 1754 Torrubia briefly described this 

 deposit in his Spanish Natural History ; ^ but his curiosity seems to 

 have been aroused not so much by the bones themselves as by the 

 crystalline calcite found occupying many of their cavities. Twenty 

 years later an Englishman, William Bowles, again referred - to the 

 same bone-bed, and described it as containing the remains of men 

 and women mingled with the bones of horses, donkeys, oxen, and 

 smaller domestic animals. He also observed that the limestone 

 above the bone-bed was filled with land and fresh-water shells. 

 Cuvier quoted Bowles' description in his treatise on fossil bones,^ and 

 after an examination of some teeth and bone-fragments collected by 

 Proust at Concud, he was inclined to believe that these fossils really 

 represented domestic animals as already determined, though he found 



' J. Torrubia: "Aparato para la Historia Natural Espanola" (1754); German 

 edition (1773), p. 63. 



'■^ Guill. Bowles : " Introduccion a la Historia Natural y a la Geografia Fisica de 

 Espana" (1775), p. 210. 



2 G. Cuvier: "Recherches sur les Ossemeus Fossiles," 4th ed. (1835), vol. vi, p. 427. 



