418 Reviews — The Origin of Lake Tanganyika. 



and though we have searched minutely for errors of any kind in the 

 work before us, they are not only rare, but of trivial importance. 



Among other important things from a bibliographical point of 

 view, are the careful distinction between President and Eespondent 

 in the older Dissertations ; the fact that the title is an exact 

 transcript of the original so far as it goes, omissions being recorded 

 by " . . . ", and additions being made in square brackets ; and 

 the transliteration and translation of Eastern titles. 



We have brought thus fully to our readers' notice this catalogue of 

 books because we feel that in these days of strain every solid step 

 in the ladder of help is worth recording, and there is so much here 

 that will save the time of the geologist, and the zoologist, whether 

 he cares to deal exclusively with fossil or recent animals, or both. 

 Its value also to small or incomplete libraries is almost beyond 

 expression. At all events, when considering the date of a book 

 or part of a book, or the proper name of an author, or the exact form 

 of a publication (whether separate or an extract from an Academy 

 or Serial), it will be found in future absolutely necessary to see 

 what Mr. B. B. Woodward has had to say upon the matter in his 

 " Catalogue of the Books, etc., in the British Museum (Natural 

 History)." C. D. S. 



II. — The Origin of Lake Tanganyika. 



The Tanganyika Problem : an Account of the Eesearches undertaken 

 concerning the Existence of Marine Animals in Central Africa. 

 By J. E. S. MooRE, F.R.G.S. pp. xxiv, 371, with text-figures, 

 maps, and plates. London : Hurst & Blackett, 1903. 



IN 1857 the late Dr. S. P. Woodward described two univalve 

 shells of a remarkably marine aspect from Lake Tanganyika. 

 In 1881 Mr. Edgar A. Smith announced the discovery of several 

 other specimens of obviously marine relationships in the same lake. 

 The German traveller, Dr. Bohm, subsequently found Medusa with 

 these shells, and when they were examined they were found to be 

 quite unlike any known forms and probably of an ancient type. 

 The freshwaters of Lake Tanganyika were therefore suspected to 

 contain the relics of an ancient marine fauna, the lake itself, indeed, 

 being the altered remnant of a former sea. 



To investigate the problems thus suggested Professor Eay 

 Lankester and a small committee organized an expedition, which 

 was despatched under the leadership of Mr. J, E. S. Moore in the 

 Autumn of 1896. The results of their investigations, communicated 

 to the Eoyal Society and to various scientific journals, were so 

 important that a second expedition was organized under the same 

 leadership in 1899. A remarkable work was accomplished, and 

 Mr. Moore has summarized the principal facts and conclusions in 

 the beautiful volume now before us. The results of a purely 

 scientific investigation have rarely been presented in so attractive 

 a form, illustrated not merely with artistic drawings of the animals, 

 but also with the author's own coloured sketches of the scenery. 



It is evident that if Lake Tanganyika is a remnant of an ancient 

 sea, many of the problems connected with it are essentially 



