456 A. S. Kennard 8f 8. H. Warren — Section in Tooley St. 



numbers of subangular flint and sandstone pebbles is very unusual 

 and has not, I believe, been noticed before, and is no doubt merely 

 an indication of strong local currents, together, perhaps, with 

 a slight elevation bringing a neighbouring area of Beading Clay 

 beds under the denuding action of the river which had originally 

 deposited them. From the way in which this pebble-bed shades in 

 some directions into the sands it would seem as though a certain 

 thickness of the latter should be referred to the Oldhaven rather 

 than to the Reading Beds, and, moreover, seeing that the pebbly 

 beds insensibly disappear in certain directions, their absence in 

 some places does not necessarily show that the Oldhaven Beds are 

 there absent. Where the London Clay rests directly on the sands 

 the Oldhaven Beds are very likely represented by the upper portions 

 of these sands, the absence of pebble-beds merely indicating quieter 

 water and absence of strong pebble-bearing currents at these spots 

 when the beds were being deposited. 



IV. — On a Section of the Thames Alluvium in Bbiibiondsby. 



By A. Santer Kennakd and S. Hazzi^edine "Waeeen, F.G.S. 



DURING the early part of 1899 extensive excavations were made 

 on the south side of Tooley Street, Bermondsey : just east of 

 Shand Street, and on the site of Nos. 156-164, Tooley Street. The 

 spot is about 250 yards from the present bank of the Thames. The 

 whole area was excavated to a depth of about 10|^ feet from the level 

 of the pavement ; below this, trenches and holes for the foundations 

 were dug to a further depth of 6 to 8 feet. The section on the 

 south side of the excavation is here given. 



E. W. 



sea 5eve] 



Section of the Alluvium of the Eivek, Thames in Tooley Street, 

 Bermondsey. 



a, Brownish sandy loam (Marsli Clay) with land shells ; b, dark-coloured 

 carbonaceous silt with fresh-water shells, Roman pottery, etc., and both ancient and 

 modern piles driven into it under the old stream course ; c, stratified made earth ; 

 d, river mud forming the bed of an old watercourse ; e, brick rubbish ; /, foundations 

 and cellarage of the old houses. 



Scale, horizontal and vertical, 18 feet to 1 inch. 



The lowest bed seen, a, was a brownish sandy loam with a few 

 pieces of burnt flint, very similar to those commonly seen in 



